初中英语专项练习：直接引语和间接引语.pdfVIP

直接引语和间接引语 引述别人的话时，一般采用两种方式：一是引用别人的原话，把它放在 引号内，称为直接引语 ; 二是用自己的话加以转述，被转述的话不放在 引号内，称为间接引语。间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从句。直 接引语变成间接引语时，要注意以下几点：人称变化、时态变化、宾语 从句要用陈述句语序等。 1. 直接引语是陈述句， 变成间接引语时， 由连词that 引导。例如： She said, “I amvery happy to be with you. ”→She said (that) she was very happy to be with me. He said, “I will choose a book for my students. ”→He said(that)he would choose a book for his students. 2. 直接引语是一般疑问句时，变成间接引语，由连词 whether 或if 引导。例如： He asked me, “Do you like watching TV? ”→He asked me if/whether I liked watching TV. He asked, Are you sure your mother will come?“ ”→He asked me whether / if I was sure my mother would come. 注意：大多数情况下， if 和whether 在引导宾语从句时可以互换， 但后紧跟 or not 时, 一般只用 whether 。例如： She asked mewhether or not he could do the work. / She asked me whether he could do the work or not. 3. 直接引语是特殊疑问句， 变成间接引语时， 由相应的连接词 who, whom, what, whose, how, when, why, where 等引导。例如： He asked: Where are you to get off, John?“ ”→ He asked John where he was to get off. My sister asked me, “How do you like the play? ”→My sister asked me how I liked the play. Tomasked me, “Whois the boy over there? ”→Tomasked me, Who“ was the boy over there? ” 4. 直接引语是祈使句，其间接引语由主语 +动词 ask( 委婉语气 ) ， tell( 一般语气 ) ，order ( 命令语气 ) 或warn, advise 等+复合宾语 ( 名/ 代词 +动词不定式 ) 构成。如： He said, “Please come here again tomorrow. ”→He asked me to go there again the next day. “Be careful with the dog. ”→He warned me to be careful with the dog. 5. 直接引语变间接引语时，如果引述动词为过去式，需注意时态 的变化：如： 1) Betty said, “Lingling is singing in the classroom now. ” 现在进行时→ Betty said Lingling was singing in the class room then.- 过 去进行时