高中英语---特殊句式全面讲解及练习.pdfVIP

高中英语语法讲义第二讲 ——特殊句式 倒装句 通常句式为自然语序“主语 +谓语”， 有时为了强调句子的某一部分， 或者出于词汇用法、 语法结构或修辞 上的需要，将这种比较固定的语序加以颠倒，就形成了倒装。分为完全倒装，部分倒装和形式倒装。 一 . 完全倒装：谓语动词完全置于主语之前，主语为名词不为代词，谓语不用进行时。 1. 一些表示地点、时间或方位等的副词或介词短语。如： here, there, now, then, up, down ,in, out, away, off, in the room, on the wall 等置于句首。 Down came the rain and up went the umbrella. Then followed three days of heavy rain. Out rushed the children laughing loudly. Away flew the plane. 2.such 位于句首。 th Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man and the 20 century ’s greatest sc ientist. 注：此句型中的 such 多被认为是表语，所以 such 后的 be 动词应与其后真正的主语保持一致。 Such are the facts; no one can deny them. 二．部分倒装：只把谓语的一部分（助动词，情态动词或 be 动词）置于主语之前 1.so+ be 动词 / 助动词 / 情态动词 +主语，意为“ ... 也是如此”。 They love making lots of friends; so do I. 2.neither/nor+ be 动词 / 助动词 / 情态动词 +主语，意为“ ... 也不这样”。 Lily can ’t ride a bicycle; neither/nor can Lucy. 3. 否定词 never, seldom, nor, not, little, hardly, scarcely 等或表示否定意义的介词短语 at no time, under/in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on no condition 等置于句首时。 Not a single mistake did he make. =He d idn ’t make a single mistake. 4.only 修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，且放在句首时。 Only then did I begin to understand him. Only in this way can we solve the problem. Only after the war did he learn the sad news. 5.so...that... 和 such...that... 句式中， so 或 such 及其所修饰的部分置于句首时，主句用部分倒装。 So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood Such progress did he make that he won much respect. 三．形式倒装：在语法上称为前置。只把强调的内容提至句首，主谓并不倒装。 1. 感叹句 What an interesting talk they had! =How interesting a t