哈佛大学公开课justice整理版.pdfVIP

This is a course about justice and we begin with a story. 这是一堂关于公平与正义的公共课，让我们先从一个故事讲起 Suppose you ’re the driver of a trolley car, and your trolley car is hurtling down the track at 60 miles an hour. 假设你现在是一辆有轨电车的司机而你的电车正在铁轨上以时 速 60 英里疾驶 And at the end of the track you notice five workers working on the track. 在铁轨末端， 你发现有五个工人在铁轨上工作 You try to stop but you cant, your brakes don ’t work. 你尽力想停下电车 , 但是你做不到，电车的刹车失灵了 You feel desperate because you know that if you crash into these five workers, they will all die. 你觉得十分绝望 , 因为你知道如果你就这样撞向这 5 个工人 , 他们 必死无疑 Let ’s assume you know that for sure. 假定你很清楚这一点 1 / 31 下载文档可编辑 And so you feel helpless until you notice that there is, off to the right, a side track and at the end of that track, there is one worker, working on the track. 正当你感到无助的时候 , 你突然发现 就在右边一条岔道 , 那根 轨道的尽头 只有一个工人在那里工作 Your steering wheel works, so you can turn the trolley car, if you want to, onto the side track killing the one but sparing the five. 你的方向盘没有失灵 , 只要你愿意你可以让电车转向到那条分 叉铁轨上 撞死一个工人但却因此救了另外 5 个人 Here’s our first question: what ’s the ri ght thing to do? 现在提出第一个问题 , 我们该怎么做才对 ? What would you do? Let ’s take a poll. 你会怎么做 ? 我们做个调查看看 How many would turn the trolley car onto the side track? Raise your hands. 有多少人会选择让电车转向到分叉铁轨上 , 请举手 How many wouldn’t? How many would go straight ahead? 多少人不会 ?多少人选择就这样笔直开下去 ? 2 / 31 下载文档可编辑 Keepyour hands up those of you, whowould go straight ahead. 选笔直开下去的人先别放手 A handful of people would, 少数人会 the va