研一上超快光学课件第02讲lecture2linear ultrafast optics.pptxVIP

Lecture 2 linear ultrafast optics (2) 2015-09-21 线性飞秒光学（2） More second-order phase Higher-order spectral phase distortions Relative importance of spectrum and spectral phase Pulse and spectral widths Time-bandwidth product Frequency-domain phase expansion Recall the Taylor series for (): As in the time domain, only the first few terms are typically required to describe well-behaved pulses. Of course, we’ll consider badly behaved pulses, which have higher-order terms in (). where is the group delay is called the “group-delay dispersion.” 群延迟色散 群延迟 The Fourier Transformof a Chirped Pulse Writing a linearly chirped Gaussian pulse as: or: Fourier-Transforming yields: Rationalizing the denominator and separating the real and image parts: A Gaussian with a complex width! A chirped Gaussian pulse Fourier-Transforms to itself!!! But when the pulse is long (a 0): which is the inverse of the instantaneous frequency vs. time. The Group Delay vs. w for a Chirped Pulse The group delay of a wave is the derivative of the spectral phase: So: For a linearly chirped Gaussian pulse, the spectral phase is: And the delay vs. frequency is linear. This is not the inverse of the instantaneous frequency, which is: 2nd-order Phase: Positive Linear Chirp Numerical example: Gaussian-intensity pulse w/ positive linear chirp, 2 = –0.032 rad/fs2 or 2 = 290 rad fs2. Here the quadratic phase has stretched what would have been a 3-fs pulse (given the spectrum) to a 13.9-fs one. 频域 波长域 2nd-order Phase: Negative Linear Chirp Numerical example: Gaussian-intensity pulse w/ negative linear chirp, 2 = 0.032 rad/fs2 or 2 = – 290 rad fs2. As with positive chirp, the quadratic phase has stretched what would have been a 3-fs pulse (given the spectrum) to a 13.9-fs one. 频域 波长域 The frequency of a light wave can also vary nonlinearly with time. This is the electric field of a Gaussian pulse whose fre- quency varies quadratically with time: This light wave has the expression: Arbitrarily complex f