学习病原生物学微生物gram positive bacillus r.pptxVIP

Gram-positive BacillusXiao-Kui GuoDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine01ContentsMycobacteria (分枝杆菌15)02Actinomyces Nocardia (诺卡菌13)03Corynebacterium diphtheriae (白喉杆菌14)04Clostridia (梭菌12)05Bacillus(芽孢杆菌16)Actinobacterales SterptomycetaceaeAActinomycetaceaeBCorynebacteriaceae（棒状杆菌科）CMycobacteriaceae（分枝杆菌科）DNocardiaceae（诺卡菌科）E10 suborders and 38 families01Mycobacterium 分枝杆菌属CharacteristicsRod-shaped, aerobic bacteria, not form sporePossess a complex, lipid-rich cell wall, (mycolic acid） （分枝菌酸)Acid-fast bacteriaAcid-Fast Stain(Ziehl-Neelsen stain)flood the slide with basic fuchsin (a red dye) in 5% phenol as a mordant（媒染剂）.heat gently for few minutes to melt the wax.wash with 3% HCl in ethanol.counter-stain with methylene blue. Mycobacterium stains red and other bacteria and the background are blue. The mycolic acid and its derivatives are responsible for the stain results.MTb ComplexM. tuberculosisAlthough the members of the complex may differ in their epidemiologies, host spectra, geographic ranges, pathogenicities, and antituberculosis drug susceptibilities and although they display different phenotypic characteristics by conventional biochemical tests, they show high degrees of genetic homogeneity M. bovis牛分支杆菌M. Africanum（非洲）M. Caprae（羊马）M. Microti（田鼠）M. pinnipediiM. Canettii（坎纳）Mycobacterium tuberculosisM.tuberculosisObligate aerobicGrows very slow with a generation time of 12-15 hours.- Richness nutrition, L?wenstein- Jensen media - Solid media: rough colony (wrinkled surface).- Liquid medium：surface growth - Virulent strains tend to grow as an aggregated long arrangement called serpentine cord（索状因子）. Cord factor is a derivative of mycolic acids, trehalose 6‘-dimycolate（海藻糖二分枝酸酯）.Colony MorphologyDysgonic Growth 14 DAYSM. Bovis Eugonic Growth 14 DAYSM. tuberculosisNot sensitiveSensitiveDry (highly)WetChemical disinfectants (more)Heat(62-63℃,15min)3%HCl, 6%H2SO4,4%NaOH (15min)Alcohol (to no