英语中的被动语态.docxVIP

— PAGE \* Arabic 1 — 英语中的被动语态 英语中的被动语态   en2thusiasm” ,句子就显得罗嗦、紊乱。 (2) The plan was especially supported by those who wishedto have more chance to operate a computer.这个计划尤其得到那些想有更多的机会学习电脑的人的支持。“those” 带有一个定语从句 ,用它作主语 ,就会和谓语离得太远。 (3) He has done a lot of good deeds and should be praised.(4)There is a tall building on the coast, which was put up in the 19th.  6.在公告、通知、新闻、招工启示、广告中常见。  三、学习被动语态时应注意几个问题  1. “be +及物动词的过去分词” 的结构不一定都是被动语态。比较下面两对句子:  (1) ①My washing machine is broken.我的洗衣机坏了。②This f ridge was broken by my brother.这台电冰箱是我的弟弟打烂的。  (2) ①The field is covered with /bysnow.田野上一片积雪。②This question has not been covered yet .这个问题还没有谈到。在上面这两对句子中, ①句的共同点是描写状态的 ,属于系表结构;而② 句中有动作的执行者或使用了完成时态等可以体现出动作的成分 ,因此是描写动作的 ,是属于被动语态。 2.在“be + 不及物动词的过去分词” 时 ,由于不及物动词不能带宾语 ,不具备变为被动语态的起码条件 ,所以它不是被动语态。  (1) The winter is gone.冬天过去了。  (2) The book that you are asking for is lost.你要找的那本书已经丢了。  (3) The banana is grown.香蕉成熟了。（4） The story is well written.  (5)The shop is closed at five .(6)Children are easily influenced.(7)Thechildren are well dressed on holidays.  3.如果汉语的句子中有“被、挨、把、遭、受、给、让、由”等词汇的时候 ,使用英语被动语态。 (1)李明在班上经常受到表扬。Li Ming is often praisedin class. (2)刚才小李在森林里受到了老虎的袭击。Xiao Li wascome at by a tiger in the f roest just now. (3) 车把路挡住了。The road is being stopped by thetrucks.  4.汉语中如果有“是…的” 、“为…所” 、“予以” 、“加以”等词汇时 ,可以使用英语的被动语态。  (1)爱因斯坦的“相对论” 为大家所接受。Einstein’ sTheroy of Relativity is accepted by everyone. (2) 空气污染必须予以控制。Air pollution has to bestopped.(3)火箭是科学家制造的。Rockets are made by scien2tists.  5.在翻译英语被动语态句子的时候 ,如果汉语中采用被动语态显得别扭的话 ,应译为符合汉语的表达习惯。  (1) The novel was written two years ago.这部小说是两年前写的。不要译成“这部小说是两年前被写的” 。  (2) The elevator was found electrified.当时发现电梯是带电的。不要译成“当时电梯被发现是带电的” 。  (3) The bowl was used.这碗用过了。不要译成“这碗被用过了” 。  四．下列动词用主动形式表示被动意义：last wash wear weigh mearure look seem appear feel sound taste smell sell write need want requie deserve be worth consist of (1)Books needs carefully reading/to