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语言学入门学问 :第一章I 、 名词说明1.cultural transmission (as a defining property of language)Answer: Whilehuman capacity forlanguage has a genetic basis, thedetails of any language system are not genetically transmitted, but insteadhave to be taught and learned 、AnEnglishspeaker and a Chinesespeaker are bothable to use a language, but they are notmutuallyintelligible 、 This shows that language is culturallytransmitted、
语言学入门学问 :
第一章
I 、 名词说明
1.cultural transmission (as a defining property of language)
Answer: While
human capacity for
language has a genetic basis, the
details of any language system are not genetically transmitted, but instead
have to be taught and learned 、
An
English
speaker and a Chinese
speaker are both
able to use a language, but they are not
mutually
intelligible 、 This shows that language is culturally
transmitted、
It is
passed on from one generation to the next through teaching and learning,
rather than by instinct 、 In contrast, animal call systems are genetically
transmitted、
They are born with the capacity to produce the set of calls
peculiar to their species、
2. descriptive linguistics vs、
prescriptive linguistics
Answer: A linguistic study is descriptive if it describes and analyses facts
observed; it
is prescriptive if
it tries to lay down rules for
correct
behavior 、
Linguistic
studies
before
the
204
century
are
largely
prescriptive whereas modem linguistic is mostly descriptive、
II 、 判定正误 (T for True and F for False)
1、
When language is used to get information, it serves an informative
function、
Answer: F (It serves an interrogative function)、
2. Most animal munication systems lack the primary level of articulation、Answer: F (The primary units in these systems cannot be further dividedinto elements、 So what they lack is the secondary level of articulation、)3. Descriptive linguistics are
2. Most animal munication systems lack the primary level of articulation、
Answer: F (The primary units in these systems cannot be further divided
into element
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