如何分析英语句子结构课件.ppt

* 如何分析英语句子结构 第一页 一、要弄清楚英语句子的结构，我们先要弄清楚组成一个句子的各个组成部分，即句子的成分： 主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语的概念。 1、主语：是一个句子所要说明的人和事物，是一句的主体。如 I study English中的 I。作主语的有：名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词和主语从句。 2、谓语：它是说明主语的动作或状态的，如 I study English中的 study.作谓语的有：及物动词或及物动词短语。 第二页 (一). 指出下列句中主语的中心词 ① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.② There is an old man coming here.③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.④ To do todays homework without the teachers help is very difficult. ① teacher ② man ③ dictionary?? ④ To do 第三页 (二). 选出句中谓语的中心词 (10分，10分钟)① I dont like the picture on the wall. ??? A. dont?????B. like?? C. picture?? D. wall② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. ??? A. get???? B. longer?? C. days?? D. summer③ Do you usually go to school by bus? ??? A. Do???B. usually??? C. go????D. bus⑧ We had better send for a doctor. ??? A. We????B. had?????????????C. send?????? D. doctor⑨ He is interested in music. ??? A. is????B. interested?????? C. in???????? D. music⑩ Whom did you give my book to? ??? A. give???????B. did??????? C. whom??????? D. book ① B?? ② A??? ③ C?????? ⑧ C?? ⑨ A???? ⑩ A?????? 第四页 3、宾语： 它是表示及物动词或及物动词短语所作用的对象的，如 I study English 中的English和He makes full use of his spare time to study中的his spare time.介词后的名词或代词，叫做介词的宾语，如He went away with no words中的no words.作宾语的有：名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词和宾语从句。 第五页 ① My brother hasnt done his homework.　　　　A????????B????? C???????????D② People all over the world speak English.　???? A?????B??????????????? C????????????????????D③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.　　　　　　　A???????? B????????????? C??????????D ① D?? ②?D??? ③ B? 第六页 4、表语： 它是放在连系动词之后表示主语的身份或特征的，如 That sounds a good idea中的a good idea.作表语的有：名词、代词、数词、形容词、介词短语、表地点或方位的副词、不定式、动名词、分词和表语从句。 第七页 ① The old man was feeling very tired.　　?? A???????????? B??????? C????????????D② Why is he worried about Jim?　　　　A????????B????? C?????? D③ The leaves have turned yellow.　　 A?????????? B??????? C???????D  D????B?????D? 第八页 5、定语：