电力电子系统建模及控制1_DC-DC变换器的动态模型.ppt

电力电子装置的分类 （有功）电源：直流开关电源、逆变电源、不停电电源（UPS）、直流输电装置等 无功电源：静止无功补偿装置（SVC）、静止无功发生装置（SVG）、有源电力滤波器、动态电压恢复装置（DVR）等 传动装置：直流调速装置、各类电机的变频调速装置等。 电力电子技术发展 两条主线 半导体功率器件的发展 从结型控制器件（晶闸管、功率GTR、GTO）到场控器件（MOSFET、IGBT、IGCT）的发展历程 　 高频化、低功耗、场控化成为功率器件发展主要特征 　 功率器件发展历程也是向理想电子开关逐步逼近的过程 功率变换电路的发展：电路拓扑结构逐渐走向稳定 电力电子系统问题 电力电子装置的技术指标 电力电子装置需要满足静态指标和动态指标要求。 　 如直流开关电源指标：电源调整率、负载调整率、输出电压的精度、纹波、动态性能、变换效率、功率密度、并联模块的不均流度、功率因数和EMC。 影响技术指标因素：功率电路设计，系统控制的设计 　 功率电路设计：电路拓扑、磁设计、热设计、功率元件驱动 　 功率电路设计影响的指标：变换效率、功率密度、纹波等技术 　 系统控制的设计影响的指标：电源调整率、负载调整率、输出电压的精度、动态性能、并联模块的不均流度等指标 通讯基础电源的系统 Input-output relationship Input-output relationship considering AC components Filter characteristics Averaged state space equations Large signal dynamical model Nonlinear model Perturbation and linearization Substitute into averaged state equations: Perturbation and linearization Linearized small-signal state equations Use DC equations: 0 = A X + B U, Y = C X + E U The second-order (nonlinear) terms are smaller State-space averaged small signal AC model Circuit Averaging and Averaged Switch Modeling Above methods are mathematical intensive Rather than doing mathematical operations, is it possible to derive the model by performing the converter circuit transformation. Separate switch network from remainder of converter nonlinear linear Linear subcircuit Nonlinear switch network Boost converter example Original circuit is divide into linear subcircuit and switch network Simple dc-dc converter case, the switch network is two terminal network The switch network terminal variables are terminal voltages and currents: v1(t), i1(t), v2(t), and i2(t). Two of these terminal vraibales are taken as independent inputs to the switch network, and the remaining two variables are then viewed as dependent outputs of the switch network. Definition of the switch network terminal variables is not unique. Discussion Two ways to define the switch network Boost converter example Since i1(t) and v2(t) coincide with the converter induc