抗坏血酸_菲尼酮显影液配方设计和研究.docVIP

抗坏血酸-菲尼酮显影液配方设计和研 Investigaton on the Photographic Developing Composition Containin Ascorbic Acid and Phenidone 领域：应用化学 研究生：燕文 指导老师：周雪琴副教授 企业导师：张邦彦高工 天津大学化工学院 二零零六年十一月 中文摘要 感光材料的冲洗加工使用对苯二酚类的显影剂已经很长时间了，这类显影剂有一定毒性，对操作者和环境造成了很大的危害。不含对苯二酚的无公害、环保型显影液正日渐盛行。本文采用对环境友好的抗坏血酸显影剂替代有毒害作用的对苯二酚，设计了抗坏血酸-菲尼酮(PA)显影液配方，并对其应用性能进行了全面的研究。通过研究主要组分对显影液显影性能的综合影响规律，发现菲尼酮与抗坏血酸的配比、防氧化剂与防灰雾剂的用量、显影液酸碱度等都对显影液性能有很大影响。通过对以上重要影响因素的配比优化，结果表明，当菲尼酮与抗坏血酸的质量比为5：100左右、防氧化剂与抗坏血酸的摩尔比为3.6：1～5.6：1、防氧化剂的浓度为0.3～0.5 M；缓冲剂的浓度约为0.25M、显影液的pH值为9.3～9.6时，所制得的PA显影液显影性能好，防氧化效果好，保存性好。此外，溴化钾和苯并三氮唑（BT）两种防灰雾剂的组合使用，可达协同作用。当每升显影液中溴化钾用量为0.9克、10%BT溶液为0.3ml时，PA显影液的显影灰雾达到最小。显影性能研究结果表明，PA显影液可在20～26℃温度范围显影，最佳显影条件是：20℃，显影5分钟，而且，保存性能好，与D-19b显影液相当；可应用于工业和医用X射线胶片的显影，其显影性能与常用的D-19b显影液性能相当。 关键词：显影液 抗坏血酸 菲尼酮 显影剂 配方 ABSTRACT The developing solution containing hydroquinone as major ingredient has been used for quite a long time.However,the toxicity of hydroquinone has always been a huge threat to manipulator and environment.Thus,the use of nontoxic and harmless developing agents without hydroquinone is more and more popular these years.In this dissertation,we used environmental–friendly ascorbic acid to take the place of toxic hydroquinone and designed the ascorbic acid-phenidone developing prescription.In order to discover the relationship between the major ingredient and developing performance,we carried out comprehensive study and found out that the developing effects were greatly influenced by the mass ratio of ascorbic acid and phenidone;the dosage of antioxidant and antifog agent;pH value of developing solution.According to the optimization experiments upon the dosage ratio mentioned above,when the mass ratio of phenidone and ascorbic acid is 5:100;the mole ratio of anti-oxidant and ascorbic acid remains between 3.6:1 and 5.6:1;the concentration of anti-oxidant remains between 0.3 and 0.5M;and the pH value of the developing 9.3 and 9.6,the obtained PA solution performs the best developing,anti-oxidation and deposition effects.M