材料力学术语中英文对照.docVIP

A 安全系数（安全因数） safety factor B 板，板件plate 比例极限proportional limit 边界条件boundary conditions 变截面梁beams of variable cross section 变形deformation 变形协调方程 compatibility equation of deformation 标距gauge length 表面质量系数 surface factor 泊松比Poisson’s ratio C 材料力学 mechanics of materials 残余应变 residual strain 长度系数factor of length 尺寸系数size factor 持久极限endurance limit 纯剪切pure shear 纯弯曲 pure bending 脆性材料brittle materials D 大柔度杆（或细长杆）long columns 单向应力状态state of uniaxial stress 等强度梁beams of constant strength 叠加法superposition method 叠加原理superposition principle 动载荷dynamic load 断面收缩率 percent reduction in area 对称弯曲symmetric bending 对称循环应力stress of symmetric cycle 多余约束 redundant restraint 多余约束力redundant constraining force E 二力构件 members subjected to the action of two forces 二力平衡条件equilibrium condition of two forces 二向应力状态 state of biaxial stress F 非自由体nonfree body 分力 component force 分离体 free body 分布力distributed force 分布力偶distributed couple 附加力偶 additional couple 复合材料 composite material 复杂应力状态 state of complex stress G 杆，杆件bar 刚化原理principle t of rigidization 刚体 rigid body 刚体系统 system of rigid bodies 各向同性材料isotropic material 工作应力working stress 构件 member 惯性半径radius of gyration of an area 惯性矩，截面二次轴矩 second axial moment of area 广义胡克定律 generalized Hooke’s law 滚动摩擦 rolling friction 滚动阻力偶rolling resisting couple 滚动阻力偶矩moment of rolling resisting couple 滚动阻碍系数 coefficient of rolling resistance H 合力 resultant force 合力矩定理 theorem of moment of resultant force 桁架 truss 横向变形 lateral deformation 横向泊松比 transverse Poisson’s ratio 胡克定律 Hooke’s law 滑移线 slip-lines 滑动摩擦 sliding friction 汇交力系 concurrent force system J 极惯性矩，截面二次极矩 second polar moment of area 极限应力 ultimate stress 集中力 concentrated force 挤压bearing 挤压应力bearing stress 机械运动 mechanical motion 剪力shear force 剪力方程 equation of shear force 剪力图shear force diagram 剪切胡克定律Hooke’s law in shear 剪切面 shear surface 简化中心center of reduction 交变应力,循环应力 alternating stress 截面法method of section 颈缩necking 静不定度 degree of statically indeterminacy 静不定问题，超静定问题statically indeterminate