lab9报告课件课件.docxVIP

嵌入式系统 嵌入式系统实验1报告 专业：微电子学 徐荣峰 10122120135 2014年11月20日  Figure 1 shows a digital system that contains a number of 16-bit registers, a multiplexer, an adder/subtracter unit, a counter, and a control unit. Data is input to this system via the 16-bit DIN input. This data can be loaded through the 16-bit wide multiplexer into the various registers, such as R0,...,R7 and A. The multiplexer also allows data to be transferred from one register to another. The multiplexer’s output wires are called a bus in the figure because this term is often used for wiring that allows data to be transferred from one location in a system to another. Addition or subtraction is performed by using the multiplexer to first place one 16-bit number onto the buswires and loading this number into register A. Once this is done, a second 16-bit number is placed onto the bus, the adder/subtracter unit performs the required operation, and the result is loaded into register G. The data in G can then be transferred to one of the other registers as required. The system can perform different operations in each clock cycle, as governed by the control unit. This unit determines when particular data is placed onto the bus wires and it controls which of the registers is to be loaded with this data. For example, if the control unit asserts the signals R0 out and A in , then the multiplexer will place the contents of register R0 onto the bus and this data will be loaded by the next active clock edge into register A. A system like this is often called a processor. It executes operations specified in the form of instructions. Table 1 lists the instructions that the processor has to support for this exercise. The left column shows the name of an instruction and its operand. The meaning of the syntax RX ← [RY] is that the contents of register RY are loaded into register RX. The mv (move) instruction allows data to be copied from one register to another. For the mvi (move immediate) instruction the expression RX ←