高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题--附答案.pdf

阅读理解专项突破 III 词义猜测 【命题特点】考查根据上下文推测生词和短语的能力 ,突出考查对语境的分析和把握的能力。 【常见考法】 1. The underlined word “…” probably means____. 2. The word “…” used in paragraph “…” refers to/suggests____. 3. The phrase “…” in the sentence can be replaced by ____. 4. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word “…”? 5. What is the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph “…”? 6. By saying “…” , we mean_____. 7. What do you think of the expression “…” stands for? 8. The meaning of word “…” in the passage is related to_____. 一．通过定义或解释推测语义 有些概念性生词出现后，作者会给出它的定义、同位语、修饰性从句或是定语。 这些修饰 成分可以帮助我们推断出生词的语义 （1）定义句的谓语动词在文中多为： be, mean, deal with, be considered to be, refer to, be called, be known as, define （下定义）, represent, signify （表示，表明） , constitute （指。。） 等。 （2 ）解释则常用 as you know, to be called, to mean, to refer to, that is （to say ）, in other words, namely 等词语以及同位语和定语从句来提示下文将前面的信息加以重复或解释。 （3 ）有时作者会用复述的形式来解释语义，而复述部分可以是词、短语或从句。 （4 ）还有下一些标点符号，如冒号、破折号、括号等都表示后文要继续解释说明前文。 eg. 1. The powerful poison was imperceptible when mixed in liquid, that is, it could not be tasted, seen, or smelled. (无法察觉的，感觉不到的 ) 2. The Greek marriage was monogamousmen and women were allowed only one spouse （配 偶） at a time. （一夫一妻制） Exercises: 1. Pantomime refers to a short play in which no words are spoken. ____ 默剧，哑剧 _______ 2. Anthropology is the scientific study of man. _____ 人类学 ______ 3. We will meet you in the foyer, the entrance hall of the theatre. ____ 门厅_______ 4. He began to shave his whiskers, which had grown thick on both cheeks （脸颊）. ___胡须 ______ 5. Some computer scientists are developing artificial-intelligence machines that they say will think like people. _