独立主格结构(完整版).ppt

编辑ppt The murderer was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied. He stood there, his hand raised. = He stood there, with his hand raised. 1. 当介词是in时，其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分（如物主代词或冠词），也不用复数。但 with 的复合结构不受此限制。 A robber burst into the room, knife in hand.　( hand前不能加his) Miss Smith entered the classroom, book in hand.史密斯先生走进了课室，手里拿着一本书。 比较with的复合结构：Miss Smith entered the classroom, with a book in his hand. ? 2. 当表人体部位的词做逻辑主语时，不及物动词用现在分词，及物动词用过去分词。 He lay there, his teeth set, his hand clenched, his eyes looking straight up. 3.独立主格结构没有所有格形式 The chief-editor arriving, we began the meeting. 主编来了，我们开始开会。 比较动名词复合结构： The chief-editor’s arriving made us very surprised. ? 4.独立主格与状语从句的转换 当状语从句的主语与主句的主语不是指同一个对象时，可用独立主格结构取代状语从句，但不再保留连词。如： 1.After class was over the students soon left the classroom. Class being over / Class over, the students soon left the classroom. 下课后，学生很快离开了教室。 ? 2. The test finished, we began our holiday.= When the test was finished, we began our holiday. 3. The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.= After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow. 5. 独立主格的时态问题 独立主格结构作时间或原因状语时，可用完成时，表示该动作发生在谓语之前。如： The listeners having taken their seats, the concert began.听众坐好后，音乐会开始了。 Tom having been late over and over, his boss was very disappointed.由于汤姆一再迟到，他的老板非常失望。 ? 1.Weather ___, well go out for a walk. A. permitted B. permitting C. permits D. For 本句改为If weather permits, well go out for a walk. 2.____, we went home. A. Our homework finished B. Our homework having been finished C. Our homework finishing D. Our homework been finished 3.The meeting ____, he went back to his company. A. over B. been over C. was over D. have been over 4.Time ____,we shall visit the zoo. A. been permitting B. permitting C. permitted D. having been permitted 5. ____, he put on his coat. It being cold B. It cold C. Being cold D. It having been cold 6. He left the