清华激光原理月日.pptxVIP

1;;He + e? He* 21S0，23S1 He* + Ne ? Ne* + He + DE;§4.3 Rate equations examples (three, four levels system ) Differential equations describing the dynamics of population and photon density of various levels Physical basic for rate equations: Einstein relationship;1. Four levels system 1) single mode oscillation (l th mode, n);;;2) Rate equations for multimode oscillation Serial number of mode Frequency of mode Photon number of serial mode ;Simplifications ? Line shape function rectangle (矩形) ? Same loss, same lifetime of photon for each mode;N – total photon density for all modes;Pumping efficiency: the fraction of the total pump power that is useful in creating the population inversion;Rate equations ?Expression of gain coefficient (effecting factors) ? behavior of gain saturation (增益饱和) (for homogeneous and inhomogeneous medium) §4.5 Gain coefficient in homogeneous broadening medium 1、Small signal gain coefficient for steady state (four levels）; *1) Gain coefficient is proportional to population inversion Dn (four levels system as example);*Reason: optical intensity in medium is very small, the change of Dn introduced by STE can be neglected in small signal case;2) Gain curve -- g0 varying with frequency;3) g0(n0) is proportional to l02, inversely proportional to spectral width;2、Gain Saturation（增益饱和）－大信号情况;－saturation of inversion population ; Incident light with same intensity at different frequency, different effect on saturation of Dn;2) Saturation gain coefficient in homogeneous medium (均匀加宽介质的饱和（大信号）增益系数); Saturation gain coefficient is dropped to one half of un-saturated gain when; Physical meaning of saturation intensity Is ：; 讨论此命题的物理背景: 激光器中某一模式频率首先起振, 成为强光；别的模式刚起振(弱光), 强光模式对刚起振的弱光模式的影响;强光不仅使自身增益系数下降,而且使弱光增益系数也以同一比例下降, 其结果是整个增益曲线下降（为什么？增益线宽是否改变）;§4.6 非均匀加宽工作介质的增益系数及增益饱和 非均匀加宽小信号增益曲线为高斯线型;;的粒子发射中心频率为n0’, 线宽为DnH的谱线;(4-6-2);大信号情况; ;1;3、多普勒加宽气体激光器(驻波腔)的烧孔效应;结论: 驻波腔多普勒加宽气体激光器中, 频率为n1的振荡 模在增益曲线上烧两个孔, 这两个孔对称分布