限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别.ppt

The Differences between the Restrictive and Non-restrictive Attributive Clause;区别一：形式上不同 限定性定语从句主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开，口语中使用时也不停顿；而非限定性定语从句与主句之间通常有逗号隔开，口语中使用时有停顿。 ;区别二：功能不同（最重要的区别） 限定性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行限制和识别，如果去掉，就会造成句意不完整或概念不清； 而非限定性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说明作用，如果省略，句意仍然清楚、完整。 People who take physical exercise live longer. 进行体育锻炼的人活得长些。(若把从句去掉句子就失去意义) His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week. 他女儿现在在波士顿，下星期回来。(若把从句去句子意义仍然完整);Discuss the difference ;All the books there, which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him. 那里所有的书都是他写的, 书里附有漂亮的插图。(说明那里没有除他以外的人写的书) 　　All the books there which have beautiful pictures in them were written by him. 那里所有附插图的书都是他写的。(暗示没有附插图的书不是他写的) ;区别三：翻译不同 在翻译定语从句时，一般把限定性定语从句翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前，而把非限定性定语从句与主句分开。如： He is the man whose car was stolen. 他就是汽车被窃的那个人。 I’ve invited Jim, who lives in the next flat. 我邀请了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。;区别四：先行词不同 限定性定语从句的先行词只能是名词或代词， 而非限定性定语从句的先行词则可以是名词或代词，也可以是短语或句子；如： ??? I know nothing that happened last night. 昨天晚上所发生的事情，我一点也不知道。(修饰前面的nothing) ??? ??? He has made great progress, which made us happy. 他进步了，这使我们大家都很高兴。(说明前面句子的整个内容) ;;区别五：关系词不同 关系词that和why可用于限制性定语从句中，通常不用于非限制性定语从句；另外，在限制性定语从句中，关系词有时可以省略(如引导词作宾语，the way做先行词)，而在非限制性定语从句中关系词一律不省略。;;Practice A;Exercises A;2、Is this factory ____ we visited last week.;3、She will never forget the day_____ she spent in Beijing.;4、This is the school _______ my father worked 20 years ago.;5、This is the factory_______we visited last year.;6、The text is one of the most interesting stories_______learnt in the past three days.;1、The college won’t take anyone _____ eyesight is weak.;2、Let me think of a proper situation _______ this sentence can be used.;3、The man _______ you are talking is in the next room.;4、I don’t like the way _____ he spoke to me.;4、I，______ you good friend, will try my best to help you out.;5、This is the only thing _____ I can do now.;6、Those _____ to take part in the game