讲稿医学分子生物学non coding.pptx

Non-coding RNA非编码RNAWhat is noncoding RNA?Non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is a RNA molecule that functions without being translated into a protein?mRNA rRNA tRNA?ProteingRNA (引导RNA )Ribozyme(核酶)Antisense RNA(反义RNA) SRP-RNA(信号识别颗粒RNA)Telomerase RNA(端粒酶RNA )snRNA(核内小RNA)pRNA(包装RNA) snoRNA(核仁小分子RNA)microRNAHow many RNAs in cells ?Functional diversity of ncRNAsThe function of diffenent small non-coding RNAs by targeting mRNAs or pre-mRNAs Scheme for the function of different sncRNAs by targeting bacterial or eukaryal mRNAs or pre-mRNAs leading to regulation of gene expressionsmall non-coding RNA (sncRNA) 小分子非编码RNA (20-500nt)non-coding RNA (20-20000nt)long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)长片段非编码RNA(500-20000nt)RNAmRNANon-coding RNA: Versatility in form and functionNoncoding RNA genes are surprisingly numerous.Noncoding RNA have a very different functions. Time for RNomics (RNA组学)Cell, 89: 669–672, May 30, 1997PNAS, 97(26): 14035-14037, Dec 19, 2000Understanding RNomics from an expending snoRNA worldRNomicsRNA组学Study non-coding RNAs on the genomic scale Study the identification, expression, biogenesis, structure, regulation of expression, targets, and biological functions of noncoding RNAs on the genomic scale. DNA RNA ProteinGenomics基因组学Proteomics蛋白组学How to identify the ncRNA genes in genomic studies? sncRNAs are very small sncRNAs contain no specific features at their 5’ and 3’ endsMethods for finding novel non-coding RNA genesComputational RNomics(计算RNA组学) Searching conserved intronic sequences by comparative analysis of introns Searching conserved intergenic sequences(基因间序列) Searching well-defined sequence elements or characteristics (boxC/D, functional regions, complementary and other conserved sequence etc.) Novel algorithm taking the folding parameters in RNA molecule into accountAll predictions of novel ncRNA genes need to be confirmed by direct detection of these transcripts !!!A example of computational approach for screening box C/D snoRNAs A Computational Screen for Meth