高考英语语法讲解及练习题.pdfVIP

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高考英语语法专题复习 一、冠词 The Article 知识要点: 冠词是一种虚词, 放在名词的前面, 帮助说明名词的含义。 冠词分不定冠词 (The Indefinite Article )和定冠词( The definite Article )两种。 a (an) 是不定 冠词, a 用在辅音之前:如 a book, a man; an 用在元音之前,如: an old man, an hour, an interesting book 等。 the 是定冠词。 一、不定冠词的用法 1、指人或事物的某一种类(泛指) 。这是不定冠词 a (an) 的基本用法。如: She is a girl. I am a teacher. Please pass me an apple. 2、指某人或某物,但不具体说明何人或何物。如: Heborrowed a story-book from the library. A Wang is looking for you. 一位姓王的同志正在找你。 3、表示数量,有“一”的意思,但数的概念没有 one 强烈。如: I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes. 4、用于某些固定词组中。如: a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a pile of, a pair of, have a good time, for a while, for a long time 等。 5、用在抽象名词前,表具体的介绍—— a + 抽象名词,起具体化的作用。如: This little girl is a joy to her parents. 这女孩对她父母来说是一个乐 趣。 It is a pleasure to talk with you. 跟您交谈真是一件愉快的事情。 It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. 参加这个会,对我来说是 一种荣誉。 二、定冠词的用法: 1、特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。这是定冠词 the 的基本用法。如: Beijing is the capital of China. The pen on the desk is mine. 2、指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。如: Where is the teacher? Open the window, please. 3、指上文提过的人或事物(第二次出现) 。如: There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. The baby was thin. 4、用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如: the earth, the moon, the sun. 5、用在序数词和形容词最高级前。 (副词最高级前的定冠词可省略)如: He is always the first to come to school. Bob is the tallest in his class. 6、用在某些专有名词前(由普通名词构成的专用名词) 。如: the Great Wall, the SummerPalace, the Science Museum, the Children ’s Palace, the Party 等。 7、用在一些习惯用语中。如: on the day, in

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