大学思辨英语教程精读4教学课件Unit_7.pptx

Unit 7Individuality and Conformity ;;;;Critical Thinking ;Lead in;Lead in;Background Knowledge;Main publications: Escape from Freedom, 1941 Man for himself, 1947 Psychoanalysis and Religion, 1950 The Sane Society, 1955 The Art of Loving, 1956 Marx’s Concept of Man, 1961 Beyond the Chains of Illusion: My Encounter with Marx and Freud, 1962 The Life and Work of Sigmund Freud, 1963 The Heart of Man, 1964 The Nature of Man, 1968 The Anatomy of Human Destructiveness, 1979 The Art of Being, 1993;Listed below are the chapters in the Table of Contents of The Fear of Freedom. 1. Freedom—A Psychological Problem 2. The Emergence of the Individual and the Ambiguity of Freedom 3. Freedom in the Age of the Information 1) Medieval Background and the Renaissance 2) The Period of the Reformation ;continued;Fromm’s comments on Karl Marx: Building primarily upon the early works of Karl Marx, Fromm sought to re-emphasize the ideal of freedom, missing from most Soviet Marxism and more frequently found in the writings of libertarian socialists and liberal theoreticians. Fromms brand of socialism rejected both Western capitalism and Soviet communism, which he saw as dehumanizing, and which resulted in the virtually universal modern phenomenon of alienation. He became one of the founders of socialist humanism, promoting the early writings of Marx and his humanist messages to the US and Western European public.;Fromm’s comments on Sigmund Freud: Fromm examined the life and work of Sigmund Freud at length. He identified a discrepancy between early and later Freudian theory: namely, that prior to World War I, Freud described human drives as a tension between desire and repression, but after the wars conclusion, he framed human drives as a struggle between biologically universal Life and Death instincts. Fromm charged Freud and his followers with never acknowledging the contradictions between the two theories. ;continued; ;1. What does “authoritarian characte