句子成分及句子基本结构(共32张PPT).pptxVIP

句子成分及句子基本结构一.句子成分 主语谓语表语1.一个完整的英语句子，至少由两部分组成_______和________。2.英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、_____、定语、状语、同位语.㈠主语（subject） 主语是句子叙述的主体，表明这句话描述什么。Workers make machines. She went out in a hurry. Three plus five is eight. The young should respect the old. To see is to believe. Running is good for your health. When we shall leave hasn’t been decided. （名词）（代词）（数词）（名词化的形容词） （不定式）（动名词）（句子）作主语的有：名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词和主语从句。找出句中主语① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.② There is an old man coming here.③To do todays homework without the teachers help is very difficult.（名词）（名词）（不定式）㈡谓语说明主语的动作、状态和特征谓语由简单谓语和复合谓语组成。①简单谓语 The sun rises in the east. He looked after two orphans.②复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词+动词; He can speak English very well. The work must be done before three o’clock.③英语常用某些动作名词代替表动态的谓语动词，表生动。这种动作名词之前常用没有多大意义的动词have, get, take, give 等。如： (1). I had a swim yesterday. （had a swim 代替了swam） (2). Take a look at that! （take a look 代替了 look） (3). He gave a sigh. （gave a sigh 代替了sighed）挑出下列句中的谓语① I dont like the picture on the wall.② The days get longer and longer when summer comes.③ Do you usually go to school by bus?④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?(三)宾语动作的对象或承受者——及物动词或介词的宾语（名词）（动名词）（句子）↓直接宾语↓间接宾语He doesn’t like the job.We enjoy playing football.He said that he would return soon.He offered me the job .指出下列句中的宾语① My brother hasnt done his homework.② People all over the world speak English.③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.④ How many new words did you learn last class? ⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?（四）表语表语说明主语的性质、特征、状态或身份，与连系动词一起构成复合谓语。We are Chinese.I’m not quite myself today.Who was the first?The war was over.He is out of condition.They seem to know the truth.His hobby is playing computer games.That is what he told me yesterday.（名词）（代词）（数词）（副词）（介词短词）（动词不定式）（动名词短语）（从词）系动词有三类：A. be 动词：am、is、are、was、wereB. 表示感官类的动词：look、smell、sound、feel