课件英宁第2章数据流图.pptxVIP

Tools of Software Need Analyzing需求分析工具Ning Hong-yun2014.1Tools of Software Need Analyzing需求分析工具Data flow diagram ( DFD, 数据流图) the hierarchical structure of DFD (数据流图的层次结构) Structural analysis method Based on DFD (基于DFD的结构化分析方法) The principle of Checking DFD （检查和修改数据流图的原则）Data dictionary ( DD, 数据词典)Some tools writing the basic processing logic description (基本加工逻辑描述的工具) Structured English Decision table Decision TreeData flow diagram (DFD, 数据流图)The most important tools of Project Need Analyzing Used forStage of Feasibility study Stage of Need Analyzing进行项目需求分析的重要工具适用的软件项目开发阶段：可行性研究阶段软件需求分析阶段Data flow diagram of the main graphic elements（主要图形元素）编号加工名称Example of DFD:DFD of Bank Withdrawals Process描述银行取款过程的数据流图Example of DFD:DFD of Order System订货系统的数据流图Branch Data flow (分支数据流)the hierarchical structure of DFD （数据流图的层次结构）Using the hierarchical structure (层次结构)Method: gradual decomposition (逐步分解)gradually decompose the system into several functional models （将系统逐步分解成若干功能模块）分层数据流图ExampleTop-level DFD (顶层流图): Contains only one processing.The underlying DFD (底层流图): its processing without further decompositionMiddle layer flow diagram (中间层流图): is the detailed processing of one of its father DFD, at the same time, it can be decomposed into a group of sub DFD.顶层流图: 仅包含一个加工，它代表被开发系统。它的输入流是该系统的输入数据，输出流是系统所输出数据底层流图: 是指其加工不需再做分解的数据流图，它处在最底层中间层流图: 则表示对其上层父图的细化。它的每一加工可能继续细化，形成子图。 Structural analysis method Based on DFD (基于DFD的结构化分析方法)Example: Building an Store business processing system (商店业务处理系统)Analyzing:Top-level DFD (顶层流图): reflects the target of the system.这个数据流图只是一个高层的系统逻辑模型，它反映了目标系统要实现的功能.Drawing steps of DFD (数据流图绘制步骤)Drawing the top-level DFD (顶层流图, 0层) Find out input and output of the system Find out the data source and the end-point of the data flow Draw the top-level DFD to reflect the most important business processes首先确定系统的输入和输出确定数据流输入的源点和输出终点是顾客和供应商。根据商店业务，画出顶层数据流图，以反映最主要业务处理流程 Structural analysis method Based on DFD (基于DFD的结构化分析方法)Store business processing system商店业务处