8_专题八　主旨要义.pdf免费

高考 英语 新高考专用 第二部分 阅读理解 专题八 主旨要义 方法技巧 一、如何找主题句 段落的主题通常由被称为主题句的句子来表示。 1.主题句通常是段落的第一句或末尾一句,偶尔在段落中间。在非故事性文章中,主题句尤为明 显。有的文章无明显的主题句,而是把主题隐含在段意之中。 例1 Its 3 oclock and youve been hard at work. As you sit at your desk, a strong desire for chocolate overcomes you. You try to busy yourself to make it go away. But it doesnt. Here is another situation. Perhaps you are not feeling well. The only thing you want to eat is a big bowl of chicken soup, like your mom used to make when you were sick as a child. Food cravings are a strong desire for a specific type of food. And they are normal. 分析 本段文字以介绍个人的某些经历开篇, 以此为最后的结论做出铺垫。段末则总结得出 “food cravings ”这一话题,指出这为正常现象,下文则要围绕这一话题具体展开论述, 由此判断本 段最后两句便为主题句。 2.有些段落有明显的引出细节的信息词,常见的信息词有for example,an example of,the most impor- tant example,first,second,next,then,last,finally,to begin with,also,besides that等。 在阅读中,应尽量利用上述信息词确定主题句的位置。如果无明显的信息词,可先假设第一句为主 题句,在第二句前面添加一个for example,看看第二句是否可以支撑第一句话,如果第二句不能支 撑第一句话,便在其他地方找出主题句。 例2 Famous people have a lot of influences on cultural trends, like it or not. When Oprah goes on a 2 1-day vegan diet, it makes the headlines. When Amal Clooney wears a Stella McCartney dress, sales go way up. 分析 本段文字中先提出名人会影响文化潮流的论断,然后以“Oprah ”和“Amal Clooney ”的 例子说明这一论断,首句之后可以用“For example ”引出下文,故首句为段落主题句。 二、题型分类突破 1.最佳标题 例1 Are you a procrastinator (拖延者)? Procrastination is a common problem. And it can be harmful, as previous research has shown that people who procrastinate have higher levels of stress and lower well-being. But a new study has found a way to deal with this problem: Be more connected to your fu- ture self. Psychologists think that each person believes that they are really two people: “Present Me ”and “Future Me ”. “People act as if they prefer their