讲与练14 细节理解题攻略---高考英语大二轮复习讲与练(通用版)(原卷版+解析版).docxVIP

2022年高考英语大二轮复习讲与练（通用版）14 细节理解题攻略 【高频考点回顾】 【题型解读】 1. 命题要求: 对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理解; 占阅读理解总题量的60%左右, 是最重要的得分点。 2. 设题角度: 根据文章中的具体信息, 如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问。 3. 解题思路: 有些问题可以在文章中直接找到答案; 有些需要在理解的基础上将有关内容系统化才能找到答案, 比如计算、排序、图形比较等。 4. 解题方法: 细节理解题的破解一般采用寻读法, 即先看试题, 再读文章。对有关信息进行快速定位, 再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比, 有依据地排除干扰项, 选出正确答案。 【正确选项特征】 1. 同义替换: 对原文句子中的关键词进行同义替换; 2. 语言简化: 把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化; 3. 正话反说: 把原文中的意思反过来表达。 【干扰选项特征】 1. 扩缩范围: 与文章细节部分吻合, 部分相悖; 2. 无中生有: 明显与文章内容不符或没有提及; 3. 偷梁换柱: 符合常识, 但不是文章内容; 4. 张冠李戴: 是文章细节, 但不符合题干要求或不是要点; 5. 正误参半: 部分正确, 部分错误。 【解答技巧】 技巧1 直接信息题: “一定、二找、三比较” 【真题示例】　(2021·全国甲卷·B) Port Lympne Reserve, which runs a breeding (繁育) programme, has welcomed the arrival of a rare black rhino calf (犀牛幼崽). When the tiny creature arrived on January 31, she became the 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve. And officials at Port Lympne were delighted with the new arrival, especially as black rhinos are known for being difficult to breed in captivity (圈养). Paul Beer, head of rhino section at Port Lympne, said: “Obviously we’re all absolutely delighted to welcome another calf to our black rhino family. She’s healthy, strong and already eager to play and explore. Her mother, Solio, is a first-time mum and she is doing a fantastic job. It’s still a little too cold for them to go out into the open, but as soon as the weather warms up, I have no doubt that the little one will be out and about exploring and playing every day. ” The adorable female calf is the second black rhino born this year at the reserve, but it is too early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild. The first rhino to be born at Port Lympne arrived on January 5 to first-time mother Kisima and weighed about 32kg. His mother, grandmother and great grandmother were all born at the reserve and still live there. According to the World Wildlife Fund, the global black rhino population has dropped as low as 5500, giving the rhinos a “critically enda