光纤通信课程设计课件class910-03.pptxVIP

;;What’s the Next for Optical Amplifiers?;Intelligent EDFAs;EDFA is back to normal;Amplifiers in Midlife (midlife crisis?);From wiki……;Core Network Evolution;Commoditization of Amplifiers;Reconfigurable Networks need Fast Gain Control;Hybrid Amplifiers;Part I;Outline;Overview of Raman and EDFAs Combined Amplification Why use Hybrid Amplifiers Enlarges the transmission capacity of broadband systems “Upgrading” the existing systems built with EDFA amplifiers with broader/flatter bandwidth Ability to carry more wavelength-multiplexed optical channels at given spacing among the channels Raman amplification gives flexibility to the selected band amplification Less sensitive to nonlinear effects – systems’ point-of-view;Basic Idea of Hybrid Amplifiers Principle of working / Operating Mode Flatten EDFA gain by using Raman gain Improve gain performance at longer signal wavelengths;Typical Configurations Raman Amplifiers setup in different configurations: Discrete Distributed backward-, forward- and bidirectional pumped numerous types of fibers (DSF, DCF to be used as SRS active media) EDFAs setup considers: series or parallel configuration single or multiple fiber stages C- and L-band regions;Hybrid Amplifiers Issues The Hybrid Amplifiers studies are concerned with: maximizing the span length and/or minimizing the impairments of fiber nonlinearities enhancing the EDFAs’ bandwidth designing “optimal” hybrid amplifiers in order to obtain flat and widest output gain performance;Comparing Different System Configuration;Results Obtained After Comparing the 3 Types of Systems Considering in-line and pre-amplification functions: Long-haul EDFA-only systems are limited by OSNR and NL effects Raman-only systems tend to be limited by a reduction of SNR caused by double Rayleigh backscattering Combination of distributed Raman and EDFAs present better performance than conventional EDFA-only systems Raman complement EDFAs in terrestrial high capacity long haul applications;Optimizing H