专四语法非谓语动词课件.pptx

重点语法复习;说明;五 非谓语动词;(2)不定式做主语补足语： 掌握常用不定式做主语补足语的句型。注意不定式表示的动作发生的时间，并采用相应形式。如： be said / reported / thought / believed / known / supposed + to do sth. The Minister of France is believed to be thinking of imposing new taxes to raise extra revenue.(04年） Professor Johnson is said to have made some significant advance in his research in the past year.(99年);?2.不定式做宾语 掌握要求接不定式做宾语的动词： afford, arrange, attempt, claim, desire, determine, expect, fail, guarantee, endeavor, intend, pledge, pretend, resolve, request, swear, tend, venture。 如： Even though the children pretended to be asleep, the nurses were not deceived when they came into the room.;?3.不定式做定语 (1)被修饰的名词前有序数词、形容词最高级或next, last, only, not a, the, very等限定词时，该名词用不定式做定语。如： In 1938 Pear S. Buck became the first American woman to receive the Nobel Prize for Literature. (2)如果其动词要求不定式做宾语，相应的名词一般用不定式做定语。如： tendency to do→tend to do, decision to do→decide to do This book is an attempt to help you use English and recognize how it is used.;;?(4)表示方式、原因、时间、机会、权利等名词用不定式做定语，这些名词包括： way, method, reason, time, place, chance, occasion, opportunity, evidence, power, right, movement, drive (运动)，effort等。 如：I worked so late in the office last night that I hardly had time to catch the last bus. We appreciate your efforts to bring about a comprehensive solution to the existing problem.;(5)不定代词something, nothing, little, much, a lot习惯上用不定式做定语。如： Though we have made great progress, there is still much to be improved. ?4.不定式做状语 不定式做状语主要表示目的、程度、结果、方式。 (1)in order to(do), so as to(do)结构引导目的状语，so as to不能置于句首。 ;(2)so…as to, such…as to, enough…to, too…to结构做程度状语。如： The solution works only for couples who are self-employed, don’t have small children and get along well enough to spend most of their time together. The vocabulary and grammatical differences between British and American English are so trivial and few as hardly to be noticed.;(3)不定式做结果??语只能出现在句子的末尾，表示不愉快的结果，有时用only加强语气。 常见的不定式动词有find, hear, see, be told, form, give, make, produce等。如