我们的小练习 果壳里的宇宙.docxVIP

金昌建： To start with the classical theory: the flat spacetime of special relativity (relativity without gravity) doesnapos;t allow time travel, nor do the curved spacetimes that were known early on. It was therefore a great shock to Einstein when in 1949 Kurt Godel , of Godel s theorem (see box), discovered a spacetime that was a universe full of rotating matter, with time loops through every point (Fig. 5.4). 咱们先从经典理论说起：根据狭义相对论(不涉及引力的相对论)，时空连续体是平坦 的，时间旅行是不可能的，此前所说的时空弯曲也是不可能的。但是，哥德尔在1949年发 表了他的新理论，描述了一种内部充满着旋转物质、也充满着时间回路的宇宙(时空连续体)， 爱因斯坦为此大为惊讶。 Flora To start with the classical theory: the flat spacetime of special relativity (relativity without gravity) doesnt allow time travel, nor do the curved spacetimes that were known early on. It was therefore a great shock to Einstein when in 1949 Kurt Godel, of Godel s theorem (see box), discovered a spacetime that was a universe full of rotating matter, with time loops through every point (Fig. 5.4). 先来看经典理论：在狭义相对论的平直时空中(不涉及引力)，无法进行时间旅行，也不会出现此前的扭曲时空。因此，1949年，当哥德尔定理 (见下表)的提出者库尔特?哥德尔发现时空宇宙中充满了旋转物质，且每个点都有时间环穿过时，爱因斯坦感到大为震惊。 月光如水： To start with the classical theory: the flat spacetime of special relativity (relativity without gravity) doesnt allow time travel, nor do the curved spacetimes that were known early on. Itwas therefore a great shock to Einstein when in 1949 Kurt Godel Gbdel] of Godel* s theorem (see box), discovered a spacetime that was a universe full of rotating matter, with time loops through every point (Fig. 5.4). 我们先说经典理论：狭义相对论(没有引力的相对论)的平面时空不允许时间旅行，早 期的弯曲时空也不允许。但是，1949年，库尔特?哥德尔(KurtGodel,就是发现哥德尔 定理(见方框)的那个人)发现时空是一个充满旋转物质的宇宙，每个点都有时间循环，这 一发现让爱因斯坦大为震惊(图5.4)。