托福TPO10(试题+答案+译文)第3篇-Seventeenth-CenturyEuropeanEc.docxVIP

第 第 PAGE 1 页 共 NUMPAGES 1 页 托福TPO10(试题+答案+译文)第3篇:Seventeenth-CenturyEuropeanEconomicGrow 托福TPO是托福备考小伙伴们最重要的参考资料，并且这个是在备考时候肯定要仔细多多练习，托福TPO是特别重要的盼望大家肯定要重视起来，我为广大的托福考生整理了TPO10(试题+答案+译文)第3篇:Seventeenth-Century European Economic Growth，下面就来跟我一起来看下面精彩内容吧!  托福阅读原文  In the late sixteenth century andinto the seventeenth, Europe continued the growth that had lifted it out of therelatively less prosperous medieval period (from the mid 400s to the late1400s). Among thekeyfactors behind this growth were increasedagricultural productivity and an expansion of trade.Populations cannot grow unlessthe rural economy can produce enough additional food to feed more people.During the sixteenth century, farmers brought more land into cultivation at theexpense of forests and fens (low-lying wetlands). Dutch land reclamation in theNetherlands in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries provides the mostspectacular example of the expansion of farmland: the Dutch reclaimed more than36.000 acres from 1590 to 1615 alone.Much of the potential forEuropean economic development lay in what at first glance would seem to havebeen only sleepy villages. Such villages, however, generally lay in regions ofrelatively advanced agricultural production, permitting not only the survivalof peasants but also the accumulation of an agricultural surplus forinvestment. They had access to urban merchants, markets, and trade routes.Increased agricultural productionin turn facilitated rural industry, an intrinsic part of the expansion ofindustry. Woolens and textile manufacturers, in particular, utilized ruralcottage (in-home) production, which took advantage of cheap and plentiful rurallabor. In the German states, the ravages of the Thirty Years War (1618-1648)further moved textile production into the countryside. Members of poor peasantfamilies spun or wove cloth and linens at home for scant remuneration in anattempt to supplementmeagerfamily income.More extended trading networksalso helped develop