语法复习专题九---主谓一致.pdfVIP

语法复习专题九主谓一致 英语句子中，主语的“人称”和“数”要限制，决定谓语动词的形式变化，这就 叫“主谓一致”关系。它通常依据三项原则： 1）语法一致； 2 ）意义一致； 3 ） 就近一致。 【语法一致原则】 I .主语的“人称”决定谓语动词的形式。 e.g.①I love / She loves music . 我/ 她爱好音乐。 ②Are your mother a worker? (误)你母亲是工人吗？ Is your mother a worker? (正) （主语your mother 是单数第三人称） II .主语的“数”决定谓语动词的形式。 1.“不可数名词、可数名词单数、单数代词、不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）” 或“从句”等做主语，用单数谓语形式。 e.g. ①The work is important . 这项工作重要。 ②To serve the country is our duty. 为祖国服务是我们的义务。 ③How and why he left was a sad story. 2. 复数的名词、代词一般接复数谓语形式。 e.g. ①The children are taken good care of . 孩子们得到很好的照料。 ②They have gone to Chengdu . 他们去成都了。 III. “and”或“both… and”连接的并列主语： 1.通常作复数用 。 e.g. ①Plastics and rubber never rot . 塑料和橡胶从不腐烂。 ②What he says and what he does do not agree. 他言行不一致。 ③Both Tom and I are fond of medicine. 我和汤姆都喜欢医学。 2. 如果并列主语指的是“ 同一个”人（事、物、抽象概念），作单数用。 e.g. ①The worker and writer has come . 这位工人作家来了。 ②A cart and horse was seen in the distance. 远处能看见有一套马车。 ③Truth and honesty is the best policy. 真诚是最好的策略。 3. “and”前、后的单数词语都有“each, every ,many ,a ,no”等修饰时，仍作单数用。 e.g. ①Every boy and every girl enjoys equal rights here. ②No teacher and no student is excused from taking part in the activity. Ⅳ. 主语前、后加表“数、量”等的修饰语时： 1. a）“many a + 单名 ”接单数谓语：“a good (great ) many + 复名”接复数谓语。 e.g. ①Many a fine man has died for it . 许多优秀战士为此献出了生命。 ②A great many parents were present at the meeting. 许多家长出席了会议。 b ）a / an + 单名+ or two 大多接单数谓语：one or two + 复名接复数谓语。 e.g. ①Only a word or two is (are )needed. 只需说一两句。 ②One or two reasons were suggested. 提出一两条理由。 c ）a / an + 单名+ and a half常接单数谓语；“one and a half +复名”多接复数谓 语。e.g. ①A year and a half has passed . 一年半已过去了。 ②One and a half tons of rice are sold. 已卖了一吨半大米。 d ） more than one + 单名大多接单数谓语。 e.g. ①More than one person was (were )absent . 不止一个人缺席。 more + 复名+ than one 接复数谓语。 e.g. ②More students than one have been there . 不止一个学生去