经济学物流英语chaptervi.pptxVIP

第1页/共31页Outline-2Part II Mechanized Material Handling Equipment Overview of materials handling equipment Types of materials handling equipment lift trucks towlines two tractor with trailers conveyors carouselsPart III Supplementary ReadingTotal U.S. Consumption of Material Handling Industry第2页/共31页 Part I Material Handling SystemIntroduction of material handling system Materials handling equipment and systems often represent a major capital investment for an organization. Like the decisions related to the number, size, and location of warehouses, materials handling can affect many aspects of the firm’s operation.The Materials Handling Institute, an industry trade association for manufacturers of materials handling equipment and systems, has estimated that:The hardware and software used to move, store, control, contain, and unitize materials in factories and warehouses exceed $50 billion annually. 第3页/共31页Much of the growth in size and variety of the market is fueled by major changes in the requirements of warehouse and distribution operations (e.g., reduced order cycle times, reduced inventory levels, reduced order sizes, SKU proliferation).Types of Material Handling SystemMaterial handling system can be classified as mechanized, semi-automated, automated, and information-directed. A combination of labor and handling equipment is utilized in mechanized systems to facilitate receiving, processing, and/or shipping. Generally, labor constitutes a high percentage of overall cost in mechanized handling. 第4页/共31页第5页/共31页 Automated systems, in contrast, attempt to minimize labor as much as possible by substituting equipment capital investment. When a combination of mechanical and automated systems is used to handle material，the system is referred to as semi-automated. An information-directed system applies computerization to sequence mechanized handling equipment and direct work effort. Mechanized handling systems are most common, but the use of semi-automated and aut