英语四六级写作的独立主格构造技巧.docxVIP

PAGE PAGE 1 英语四六级写作的独立主格构造技巧 　　独立主格构造指带主语的动词分词、介词、或副词词组。 何谓独立主格构造?　　它是指与主语之间无任何语法关系的名词或代词加上一个分词的构造。它不修饰单个的词，而修饰整个句子。独立主格构造可位于句子的任何部位。它构成一个单独实体，并具有如下两种功能：(1) 解释原因或情景 (2) 提供主句中重点部分的相关细节。　　例 Ｆreud distinguished three kinds of anxiety, each arising from a different source of perceived danger.　　each 是独立主格构造，arising from是动词短语。注意这个独立主格构造是一个干巴巴的句子。通过改变动词形式，它的相貌可焕然一新：Ｅach arises from a different source of perceived danger.　　再看以下例句　　Ｂefore: Ｈis nose was running and his hands were shaking. Ｈe left the theater like that.　　Ｉnteresting: Ｈis nose running and his hands shaking, he left the theater.　　Ｂefore: Ｈe is known for his bad temper, so Ｉ fear the encounter.　　Ｉnteresting: Ｉ fear the encounter, his temper being what it is.　　Ｐlain: Ｉf the weather is favorable tomorrow, we will spend the entire day climbing Ｈuang Ｓhan.　　Ｇood: Ｗeather permitting, we will spend the entire day tomorrow climbing Ｈuang Ｓhan.　　Ｐlain: Ｌet’s pray that the Ｓoutheast Ａsian economy will soon return to normal.　　Ｇood: Ｔhe Ｓoutheast Ａsian economy, Ｇod willing, will soon return to normal.　　Ｐlain: Ｅarly radio reports exaggerated the success of the raid on the Ｅmbassy. Ｓome even indicated that the Ｖietcong had occupied several floors of the building.　　Ｂetter: Ｅarly radio reports exaggerated the success of the raid on the Ｅmbassy, some even indicating that the Ｖietcong had occupied several floors of the building.　　Ｐlain: Ｅven though the drug controversy was still festering around him, in the end, defending Ａustralian Ｏpen champion Ｐetr Ｋorda walked away with a salute to a cheering crowd.　　Ｂetter: Ｉn the end, defending Ａustralian Ｏpen champion Ｐetr Ｋorda, the drug controversy around him still festering, walked away with a salute to a cheering crowd.　　有些短语在语法上可与它所在句中的其它成分别离。这种构造不修饰句子的任何一个词，而修饰句子的整体意思。　　分词连同它所修饰的名词或代词可构成独立主格构造。同位语和插入语有时也被认为是独立主格构造　　有用句型　　Ｄuring the early years of the Ｃultural Ｒevolution, dried mushrooms on dinner tables were aan unheard-of luxury, and pork chops unthinkable