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中英文对照外文翻译
1.Briefly on contracts
The law of contracts is concerned with the enforcement of
promissory obligations. Contractual liability is usually based on
consent freely given in the form of an express promise or one implied
in fact from the acts of the parties. In some circumstances, however,
the courts will imply a promise (often called implied in law or quasi
contract) in order to avoid unjust enrichment in spite of lack of
consent by the party who is bound by it.
The subject matter of contract law comprises capacity, formalities,
offer and acceptance, consideration, fraud and mistake, legality,
interpretation and construction, performance and conditions of
performance, frustration and impossibility, discharge, rights of
assignees and third party beneficiaries, and remedies. It has, to a very
considerable extent, preserved its unitary quality , resisting
fundamental distinctions between different classes of contracts
according to either the subject of the agreement or the nature of the
parties.
Accordingly, with some exceptions, its principles are applicable
to agreements on such varied subjects as employment, sale of goods
o land, and insurance, and to such diverse parties as individuals,
business organizations, and governmental entities.
It is largely state rather than federal law, but it differs usually only
in detail from one state to anther. While it is still primarily case law,
an increasing numbe of statutes deal with particula problems. The
Uniform Commercial Code, fo example, contains some special
provisions on the formation of contracts for the sale of goods. And by
the Tucker Act of 1887, as amended, one of the most significant of the
federal statutes in the field, the United States government has waived
its sovereign immunity in
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