材料导论32_美国政府报告（Sci-TechReports）.pptVIP

Sci-Tech Reports科技报告 科技报告 科技报告概述 美国政府四大报告 美国政府报告的检索 美国政府报告实例 一、科技报告概述 Scientific Report (Sci-Tech Report, Technical Reports) are Works that describe the progress or results of scientific or technical research and development. 科技报告是报道研究工作和开发调查工作的成果或进展情况的一种文献类型。 世界上许多国家每年都发表大量的科技报告，例如美国的PB、NASA、AD、DE四大报告、英国航空委员会报告（ARC）、法国原子能委员会报告（CEA）、德国宇航研究报告（DVR）、瑞典国家航空研究报告（FFA）等。 科技报告特征 Technical reports are often more detailed than articles in the peer-reviewed journal literature.注重详细记录科研进展的全过程。 其撰写者或提出者，主耍是政府部门、军队系统的科研机构和一部分由军队、政府部门与之签订合同或给予津贴的公司、大学等，即所谓“合同户contractors ’或资助机构the funding organization 。 科技报告所报道的内客一般必须经过有关主管部门的审查与鉴定，因此具有较好的成熟性、可靠性和新颖性，是一种非常重要的学术信息资源。 科技报告传播研究成果的速度较快。许多最新的研究成果，尤其是尖端学科的最新探索往往出现在科技报告中。 与科技论文的不同 The content is not published via typical commercial channels , instead the reports are prepared for sponsors of research projects. The format provides rapid communication of new research results, in order to establish novelty. The reports include detailed methodology and data in order to facilitate review of research results by others. Publications are typically not peer reviewed, but generally are the result of another selection process (grant, contract, or institutional affiliation). The reports are disseminated to a targeted audience. Corporate authorship is typically emphasized 按内容分类的科技报告 Research report 研究项目报告：to communicate results or describe progress of a research project; Technical-background report技术背景调查报告：as background information on an emerging or critical research topic; Feasibility, recommendation, and evaluation reports技术可行性报告：to determine the feasibility of a technology and recommend if the research should be continued; Instructions技术操作指南：to provide a list of instructions or procedures for current practices; Technical specifications技术说明书：to detail technical specifications (materials, functions, features, operation, market potential, etc.). 按形式分类的科技报告 报告Reports, also called Technical Reports (TR). Usually the final report on a project,