专题24 人与社会之对社会有突出贡献的人物---高考英语一轮复习讲练测（新教材新高考）（测）（考试版）.docxVIP

人与社会之对社会有突出贡献的人物（测） 满分：50 得分________ 阅读理解（每小题2分，共16） A（2021·吉林·长春外国语学校高三期中） Before Douglas Engelbart, computers were as big as rooms and used mostly for handling numbers. But in the late 1960s, Engelbart invented almost everything your personal computer has today: a mouse, hypertext, screen sharing and more. Engelbart was adding real-time edits, graphics, hyper-linking and sharing screens — all before the birth of the World Wide Web. “The digital revolution is far more significant than the invention of writing or even of printing,” said Engelbart, and as it turns out, he held all the right cards. If he’d been British, Engelbart would have been knighted (授爵), but the Portland, Oregon, native instead lived out the rest of his years as an unsung hero, trying to fry even bigger fish in Silicon Valley. His blueprint of the Internet was totally different from today’s profit-driven, streamlined version. Engelbart imagined an information system built on the backbones of cooperation and education, all meant to enhance the collective human mind. He wanted a computerized network of real-time, human-wide cooperation, with the open-source spirit of Wikipedia and the purposefulness of C. By the late 70s and early 80s, Engelbart and his ideas were cast aside in favour of Apple Macintosh and Microsoft Windows, along with their profit-generating vision for personal computing, and a user-friendly approach to the Internet. Engelbart’s team of researchers abandoned him, and he had a lesser position at a company called Tymshare while still battling with his pie-in-the-sky visions of a better world. Even worse, when Engelbart’s mouse invention gained widespread use years later, he never gained the profits — it had been licensed to Apple for around $40,000, Engelbart revealed. And if Engelbart had won? “Hard to say,” says Jefferson of the Internet Archive in San Francisco. “The Web was bound to grow in ways its founders never intended,” he says. He notes his belief that the same spirit of