新编英语词汇学答案.docxVIP

Keys to the ExercisesChapter One 1. lexicology: lexicology is a branch of linguistics that systematically studies the vocabulary in a given language. Lexicology deals with not only simple words in all their aspects but also word equivalents, the meaningful units of language. lexical semantics: Lexical semantics, as a branch of semantics, is the study of meanings of words and how these meanings are organized. dictionary meaning: the word meanings stored in our minds can be defined, much the same as they appeared in the dictionary ,which are viewed as inherent in words, thus they are called inherent meanings or dictionary meanings”encyclopedic meaning: encyclopedic meaning is the meanings derived from non-linguistic world knowledge or encyclopedic knowledge. cognitive semantics: cognitive semantics is generally concerned with the cognitive aspects of meaning and believes that conceptual content or conceptual structure is reflected in linguistic meanings. In other words, we can research our mind in terms of external linguistic meanings. lexicon: lexicon is a stock of individual words, organized in a certain manner. grammar: grammar is a set of rules or regularities applied to form complex expressions via simpler ones. content words: content words of a sentence contribute to the main content of this sentence, such as nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs. This class is open since new words are consistently added to the stock. function words: function words determine the major structure of a sentence, which thus serve as scaffoldings for meanings that are lexically specified. Function words include determiners, conjunctions, prepositions, auxiliaries, conventionally as a part of grammar. Function words are closed, the number of which is relatively small and fixed in number. -er someone who does something or is doing sth. -hood used to refer to a period of time or a state -ful full of sth. -ist someone who studies a particular subject, plays a particular instrument, or doe