《移动信息工程导论》第12章模数转换器.ppt

Analog-to-Digital Converter We Have Learned ... Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) To know nature phenomena, which is analog, and make it feasible for computer to handle, we need to convert it into digital signals To transform the analog, continuous signals into digital ones, the ADC samples the input at fixed interval and do the conversion Analog Signals A signal representing continuous things, e.g. Fluctuations in air pressure (i.e. sound) strike the diaphragm of a microphone, which causes corresponding fluctuations in a voltage or the current in an electric circuit The voltage or current is an analog of the sound Analog-to-Digital Conversion ADC: convert an analog input, e.g., a voltage V, into a binary value that processor can handle The input V(t) is a continuous function, i.e., V can take any value within a permitted range and can change in any way as a function of time t The output V[n] is a sequence of binary values. Each has a fixed number of bits and can represent only a finite number of values. Typically input is sampled regularly at intervals of Ts, so the continuous nature of time has also been lost. Of course, we also have DAC (digital-to-analog converter)! Analog-to-Digital Conversion Digital representations of analog waveforms Sampling in Time The value of the analog signal is measured at certain intervals in time. Each measurement is referred to as a sample Terminologies in Sampling Sampling rate: How often analog signal is measured (samples per second, Hz), e.g. 44,100 Hz? Sampling resolution: Number of bits to represent each sample (“sample word length,” “bit depth”), e.g. 16 bit Encoding of Discrete Signals If we use N bits to encode the magnitude of one of the discrete-time samples, we can capture 2N possible values Sampling Rate and Encoding Bits Requirements of MSP430 for ADC Provide continuous sampling of multiple analog inputs and store sampled data Requirements of MSP430 for ADC Provide continuous sampling of multiple analog inputs and