《移动信息工程导论》第3章编号系统、操作和代码.ppt

Number systems, operations, and codes A Symbolic Image Boethius(波爱修斯) and Pythagoras(毕达哥拉斯 ) in a mathematical competition. Pythagoras uses an abacus, while Boethius uses numerials from India. Boethius looks very proud, he is ready while the poor Pythagoras still tries to find the solution. “It seems to us that after the invention of writing, the largest discovery was the use by humanity of the so-called decimal notation.” ------M. V. Ostrogradsky * What does 5132.13 really mean? Depends on the number base! Assuming base 10: (5132.13)10 = 5x103 + 1x102 + 3x101 + 2x100 + 1x10-1 + 3x10-2 Assuming base 6: (5132.13)6 = 5x63 + 1x62 + 3x61 + 2x60 + 1x6-1 + 3x6-2 =(1136.25)10 We often use a subscript to indicate the base. Number Systems Decimal numbers The position of each digit in a decimal number indicates the magnitude of the quantity represented and can be assigned a weight. Example 5236.71 = 5×1000 + 2×100 + 3×10 + 6×1 + 7×0.1 + 1×0.01 = 5×103 + 2×102 + 3×101 + 6×100 + 7×10-1 + 1×10-2 The binary system with its two digits is a base-two system. * Binary numbers * A simple binary counting application Most digital systems process binary data in groups that are multiples of four bits. Each hexadecimal digit represents a 4-bit binary number. Widely uses in computer and microprocessor applications Digits：0~9，A(10)，B(11)，C(12)，D(13)，E(14)，F(15). * Hexadecimal Numbers Binary-to-decimal conversions Adding the weights of all 1s in a binary number to get the decimal value Decimal-to-binary conversions * Conversions * Conversion from decimal to binary * Binary-to-hexadecimal conversion Hexadecimal-to-binary conversion Conversion between hexadecimal and binary Questions （101011.011）B＝（ ）D （65.4）D＝（ ）B＝（ ）H （8F.FF）H＝（ ）B Questions （101011.011）B＝（ 43.375 ）D （65.4）D＝（ 1000001.0110）B＝（ 41.6 ）H （8F.FF）H＝（11111111 ）B * * * *