非谓语动词作成分.pptxVIP

会计学;;;We considered/found him (to be ) dishonest. 我们发现他不诚实。 We all suppose him to be dead. 我们都以为他死了。;宾语补足语 有些动词如allow, advise, ask, beg, believe, call, cause, enable, encourage, get, invite, order, teach, tell 等后边常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。 I invited him to come here. He was invited to come here.;;;当 “have”作“有”解释时，如果后面跟有表达某些感情的名difficulty, trouble, problem, fun, a hard time等通常使用动名词，实际上这种句型是在动名词前省去了介词in。例如：;定语 不定式作定语常表将来，与靠近的名词或代词有逻辑的动宾关系，但其逻辑主语是句子的主语，一般用主动语态。;;状语 ;;;固定结构： Generally/ honestly speaking Judging from/by Compared to/ with To tell the truth To be honest Considering/given Given/considering his interest in children, teaching seem the right job for her.;分词独立结构;;;不定式进行式：动词不定式表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生 I happened to be traveling in London. 不定式 完成式：动词不定式表示的动作在谓语动词表示的动作之前发生 ;动名词完成式：动名词完成式表示其动作在谓语动词表示的动作之前发生。例如 ;如果主要谓语所表示的动作（或情况）发生时，不定式所表示的动作正在进行，这时，不定式就要用进行式。;如果不定式所表示的动作在谓语所表示的时间之前一直在进行，就需要用完成进行式，如： They are said to have been collecting folk songs in Yunnan. She wished to have been studying as hard as the others. It’s a great pleasure to have been working with you.;当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要采用被动形式。;不定式有时还可以有完成式的被动式，在句中作主语、宾语、定语，或者构成复合宾语、复合谓语等，如： It is a good thing for him to have been criticized.（主语） She preferred to have been given heavier work to do. (宾语)） He thought it an honour to have been invited to the party. The book is said to have been translated into many languages. 总结：不定式各种形式常考要点： happen， seem，pretend，be said/believed/ reported…, It’s an honor to do/ to be done/ to be doing/ to have done / to have been doing/ to have been done;分词各种形式;He forgot having locked the door. Having finished his homework, Tom went home. Having been kept in the fridge for two hours, the food has gone bad. Everything having been prepared, they began to make a new experiment. He is ashamed of having been defeated so many times. Having been defeated so many times, he dare not take part in the game again. ;