管兵-政治社会学-政治社会学的历史比较研究-第五讲.pptVIP

Lecture 3Macro-Historical Studies 1精选课件ppt The Comparative Historical MethodSmall N, Many Variables Multivariate analysis Explains by historical processes, class relations, social and econ. changes, etc. Structural explanation Cannot confirm theory but serves as a valuable check for theoretical speculation 2精选课件ppt Class AnalysisMajor ClassesThe Landed aristocracy/upper classThe bourgeoisie The middle class The (urban) working class/workers Peasants Others (smallholders, farmers, gentry, etc.) 3精选课件ppt Barrington MooreAlternative Routes of Historical Devt: Democracy, Fascism and Communism Commercialization of agriculture The role of the landed upper class, bourgeoisie and peasants Economic and Structural Explanation 4精选课件ppt England– parliamentary democracyWool TradeCommercial outlook of landed aristocrats Enclosures for sheep raising in 16-17 C. Civil war in 17 C.– victory of alliance of bourgeoisie landed aristocrats Large tenants and yeoman supported commercialization Increased enclosure wiped out the peasantry5精选课件ppt France Aristocrats dependent on monarchy to extract from peasants– depends on dues Sale of office– bourgeoisie dep. on king Wine as most important produce Poor peasants enraged by increase dues, susceptible to radical egalitarian thoughtsFrench revolution in 1789 removed monarchy landed aristocracy 6精选课件ppt 3 routes to modern world Democratic– bourgeois revolution– peaceful (England) or violent (France, US) Top Down revolution– landed upper class coalesced with state to build a repressive regime – Fascism (Germany, Japan) Peasant revolution– communism 7精选课件ppt The Democratic Route Feudalism helps Rough balance b/w noble and crown No bourgeoisie, No Democracy Landed aristocrats attitude to commercialization of agric. Preindustrial bureaucratic elite royal absolutism Revolutionary break with the past 8精选课件ppt The Fascist Route 2 possible routes of capital accumulation: (a) plantation slavery (E. Germany) (b) peasant society + labor repres