现代英语词汇学概论二讲修改稿.pptxVIP

会计学1 The differences between “root”, “stem” and “base”?Root/ 词根: is not further analyzable, either in terms of derivational or inflectional morphologyStem/ 词干: the part of the word-form which remains when all inflectional affixes have been removed.Base/ 词基: any form to which affixes of any kind can be added.第1页/共86页 undesirables = un + desire + able + sBase: desirable → desire (base) undesirable → desirable (base) undesirables → undesirable (base)Base/词基: any form to which affixes of any kind can be added.第2页/共86页 2) denationalizeddenationalized = de + nation + al + ize + dRoot: nationStem: denationalizeBase: national → nation nationalize → national denationalize → nationalize denationalized → denationalize第3页/共86页 desirable: desire (root or base, not stem)undesirable: desirable (base, not root, not stem)undesirables: undesirable (stem or base, not root)desired: desire (root, stem or base)第4页/共86页 3.2 Compounding 复合构词法Questions:1. What is compounding?2. What are the relative criteria of a compound?3. The classification of compounding?第5页/共86页 What is compounding?Compounding / composition: a word-formation process consisting of joining two or more bases to form a new unit. e.g. flowerpot= flower + pot machine-independent = machine + independentback第6页/共86页 The relative criteria of a compound1. Orthographic criterion: Compounds are written in three ways, that is, solid, hyphenated and open. E.g. flowerpot Solid: flowerpot Hyphenated: flower-pot Open: flower pot第7页/共86页 2. Phonological criterion: Compound accent: a main stress on the first element