一般过去时与现在完成时的区别课件资料.pptxVIP

一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作； 现在完成时强调过去的事情对现在的影响或结果。;例如：We are good friends(现在情况) 我们是好朋友。 I got to know him in 2005. (过去的动作) 我在2005年认识（结识）他 We have known each other since 2005. (现在完成时把过去的动作和现在联系起来并着眼于现在) 自从2005年来我们就相互认识。;Linda has a big house. (现在情况) She bought the house ten years ago. (过去的动作) She has owned the house for ten years. She has lived in the house for ten years. (现在完成时把过去的动作和现在联系起来并着眼于现在);2. 一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。 一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday， last week，…ago， in1980， in October， just now等，皆为具体的时间状语。;现在完成时的时间状语：for， since， so far， ever， never， just， yet， till/until， up to now， in past years， always等，皆不确定或模糊的时间状语。 共同的时间状语：this morning， tonight， this November， now， already， recently， lately 等。;3. 现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live， teach， learn， work， study， know.。 一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有come， go， leave， start， die， finish， become， get married等。;I saw this film yesterday. （强调看的动作发生过了） I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了） I got up five hours ago. I have been up for five hours. (强调结果） Why did you get up so early？ （强调起床的动作已发生过了）;Who hasn‘t handed in his paper？ (强调有卷子未交，疑为不公平竞争) He has been in the League for three years. （在团内的状态可延续） He has been a League member for three years. （是团员的状态可持续）;句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如yesterday， last， week， in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。 改错： Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. I have seen the film twice last month. ;for和since的运用for表“经历(一段时间)”，而since表“自从……?以来”。 例??： 1. He?has?stayed?here?for?3?hours. 2. He?has?stayed?here?since?3?hours?ago.3. He?has?stayed?here?since?3?o’clock. 4.He?has?taught?English?since?he?came?here.;Fill in the blanks with “for” or “since”: We have had the new computer _______ a week. How long have you studied English? I have studied English _______ I was five. 3. How long has he taught in this school? He has taught in this school ______ 1998. 4. How long have you known each other? We have known each other ______ over ten years.