英语句子成分分析分析解析.pptxVIP

基本句型主语+系动词+表语（主系表）主语+不及物动词+（其他成分）主语+及物动词+宾语（主谓宾）主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补第1页/共44页第一页，共45页。 句子成分主语谓语宾语表语宾补定语状语 同位语第2页/共44页第二页，共45页。 I told my best friend Tom to pick me up at the airport.↓主语↓谓语↓定语↓宾语↓同位语↓状语↓宾语补足语第3页/共44页第三页，共45页。 句子成分英文名说明常用词类例句主语subject句子所要说明的动作或状态的主体（人或事物）名词、代词,动名词,不定式,从句等I am a student.谓语predicate表示主语的动作或状态动词You read the book.表语predicative放在连系动词后表示主语的身份或特征。名词、代词、形容词,动名词,分词,不定式,介词短语,从句等She is a teacher.第4页/共44页第四页，共45页。 宾语object表示及物动词动作的对象名词、代词,动名词,不定式,从句等Mike did the job.定语attribute限定或修饰名词、代词等形容词,动名词,分词不定式,介词短语,从句等The black dog barks.状语adverbial修饰动词形容词副词之用，表示时间地点状态程度等含义副词,形容词,分词,不定式,介词短语,从句等Run quickly.第5页/共44页第五页，共45页。 句子成分英文名说明常用词类例句宾语补足语complement对宾语进行补充说明，与宾语一起构成复合宾语。名词、形容词,分词,不定式介词短语等I find the book very boring.同位语appositive对前面的名词或代词做进一步解释。名词、数词、代词或从句This is Mr. Li, our headmaster.The news that he is ill worries us.独立成分Independent elements与全句没有什么语法关系，有感叹词、肯定与否定的答语、插入语、呼语等感叹词副词短语Oh, hello, I think, to tell you the truth, Mr. Li, Your Majesty, Mum. Yes, no第6页/共44页第六页，共45页。 ㈠主语Jane is good at playing the piano.She went out in a hurry.Four plus four is eight.To see is to believe.Smoking is bad for health.The young should respect the old.What he has said is true.第7页/共44页第七页，共45页。 ㈡谓语简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成 I saw the flag on the top of the hill? He looked after two orphans.复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词+动词; He can speak English well She hasn’t received the e-mail yet. 第8页/共44页第八页，共45页。 ㈢表语在系动词后的部分就是表语常见的系动词有: be (am,is,are,were,was), appear, seem, feel, smell, taste, sound, look, get, grow, keep, turn, become, come, go ,remain，etc.The apple tastes sweet.第9页/共44页第九页，共45页。 The war was over.They seem to know the truth.Time is precious.I’m not quite myself today.Who was the first?He is out of condition.The book is what I need.第10页/共44页第十页，共45页。 ㈣宾语宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指物,间接宾语指人.He gave me some books.↓间接宾语↓直接宾语第11页/共44页第十一页，共45页。 ● Please pass me the book.● He bought me some flowers.● I like my job.● I love you.● He wanted to leave here.● They enjoyed playing