外研版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第四册 Unit5_Into_the_unknown_语法-精讲破.docxVIP

PAGE 1/ NUMPAGES 7 Unit 5 Space and beyond 语法-精讲破 名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。 一. 名词性从句的连接词 （一）that 【观察】 That he is still alive is sheer luck John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday. The teacher told the students（that）they should hand in their homework the next day and that the homework must be signed by their parents. The fact that he has fully recovered makes me happy. 【归纳】 1. that只起 ① 作用，引导名词性从句，在从句中不作任何成分，也没有词义。 2. that在引导名词性从句时，在以下情况中，that不宜省略： （1）that引导的主语从句位于②时，that不可省略。（2）当动词后带有多个that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可以省略，而其他的that ③ 省略。 （3）当that引导的宾语从句前有it作形式宾语时，that不可省略。 （4）that引导的从句作介词的宾语时，that不能省略。 （5）引导表语从句和 ④ 语从句时，that一般不可省略。 (二) whether/if 【观察】 Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question. The question is whether she should have a low opinion of the test. Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 【归纳】 l. if/whether引导的名词性从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问句转化而来的，whether与if表示“ ⑤ ”，只起连接作用，引导从句，在从句中不作任何成分。 2. whether和if有时可互换，但在下列情况下，只可用whether （1）whether引导 ⑥ 从句并放在句首。 （2）引导 ⑦ 从句和同位语从句 （3）whether从句作介词的 ⑧ 语。 （4）后紧跟 or not （5）后接动词不定式时。 （三）连接代词 who whom、whose what，which等，连接副词 where、why，when、how 等。 【观察】 Do you know whom they are looking for？ I don’t know who did it. When we shall meet again is unknown. 【归纳】 连接代词、连接副词引导的名词性从句由特殊疑问句转化而来。它们的特点是 1. 连接代词、连接副词保留自己的 ⑨ 含义 2. 连接代词在从句中充当句子成分，如 ⑩ 语、 ? 语、定语，连接副词在从句中作状语 3. 连接代词、连接副词引导的从句一律用 ? 语序不能用疑问句语序。 （四）whatever、whoever、whenever引导名词性从句的用法 【观察】 I will just say whatever comes into my mind. Whoever breaks the rules will be punished. 【归纳】 ? 、 ? 、whenever可引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语和表语等。在此用法中 whatever、whoever 等在从句中通常不含疑问意义。whatever=anything that，whoever=anyone who. 二. it作形式主语或形式宾语的名词性从句 【观察】 It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure. It’s a pity that you should have to leave. It is not yet decided who will do that job. It is still unknown which team will win the match. I think it best that you should stay here I take it（that）he will come on time. I lik