商务统计相关知识(英文版).pptxVIP

本资料来源 Chapter 8Interval EstimationPopulation Mean: s KnownPopulation Mean: s UnknownDetermining the Sample SizePopulation Proportion A point estimator cannot be expected to provide the exact value of the population parameter. An interval estimate can be computed by adding and subtracting a margin of error to the point estimate. Point Estimate +/- Margin of Error The purpose of an interval estimate is to provide information about how close the point estimate is to the value of the parameter.Margin of Error and the Interval Estimate The general form of an interval estimate of a population mean is Margin of Error and the Interval Estimateto find out two positive numbers δ and α, the latter lying between 0 and 1, such that the probability that the randomInterval contains the true parameter is 1- αThe random interval is Confidence interval Such an interval, if it exists, is known as a confidence interval; 1 ? α is known as the confidence coefficient; and α (0 α 1) is known as the level of significance.The endpoints of the confidence interval are knownas the confidence limitsLower confidence limits and Upper confidence limits Interval Estimation of a Population Mean:s KnownIn order to develop an interval estimate of a population mean, the margin of error must be computed using either:the population standard deviation s , orthe sample standard deviation ss is rarely known exactly, but often a good estimate can be obtained based on historical data or other information.We refer to such cases as the s known case. Interval Estimate of mInterval Estimate of a Population Mean:s Knownwhere: is the sample mean 1 -? is the confidence coefficient z?/2 is the z value providing an area of ?/2 in the upper tail of the standard normal probability distribution s is the population standard deviation n is the sample size(7.1) It is very important to know the following aspects of interval estimati