英汉语言对比物称与人称.pptxVIP

Part IIIPersonal vs. Impersonal;Please try to translate the following sentence: 我兴奋得什么话也说不出来 I was so excited that I couldnt say a word. Excitement deprived me of all power of utterance ;English: Impersonal Chinese: Personal; English often use impersonal subject. Excitement deprived me of all power of utterance 我兴奋得什么话也说不出来 ;英语常用物称表达法。也就是： 不用人称主语来叙述，而是表达客观事物如何作用于人的感知，让事物以客观的口气呈现出来。 ;Impersonal English： the writer and the reader are out of the picture, hiding themselves behind impersonal language;1）我(吓得)就是说不出话来 2）我突然想到了一个主意。 3）凡是到底特律来的客人，一定会去参观汽车工厂。 Words fail me! An idea suddenly struck me. A must for all visitors to Detroit is a visit to an automobile factory.; G. Leech and J.Svartvik point out: 1) Formal written language often goes with an impersonal style including official style, news, science and technology style etc. ; 非人称表达法是英语常见的一种文风，尤其常见于书面语，如公文、新闻、科技论著以及散文、小说 等文学作品。 这种表达法使叙述显得客观、冷静、结构趋于严密、紧凑、语气较为委婉、间接。 ; 2) Some of the common features of impersonal language are : A. passives B.sentences beginning with introductory it C.abstract nouns ; J. Perlmutter: When the writer and reader are out of the picture, writing lacks warmth and sincerity, personal reference and human touch. Hence, the artical appears abstract and official, even cold and inhuman. ; Please compare: Impersonal: It was noted that this office did not reply to the letter of July 22. Please be advised that apologies are hereby tendered. Human: We sincerely apologize for not replying to your July 22 letter.; Impersonal: Applicants for these positions must file forms by August 1. Human: Please apply by August 1.; ; 1) 我们没有听到任何声音 Not a sound reached our ears 2) 她独处时便感到一种特殊的安宁 A strange peace came over her when she was alone. 3) A great elation overcame them 他们欣喜若狂。 4) Alarm began to take entire possession of him 他变得惊恐万状; Impersonal subject in English is also called