2023年初中英语语法不定式句法功能详解及典型考题分析.docxVIP

2023年初中英语语法不定式句法功能详解及典型考题分析 1.不定式做主语 (1)不定式的逻辑主语由引导词来引导，这类引导词最常见的是for 和of。这一类相应的搭配有以下：absurd, bold, brave, courageous, careful, careless, clever, wise, foolish, silly, stupid, good, nice, kind, thoughtful, considerate, greedy, generous, honest, modest, polite, rude, cruel, selfish, lazy, wicked, wrong。如： Doctors say that walking is one of the best methods for human beings to keep fit。医生说，走路几乎是保持健康最好的方法。 It’s so considerate of to arrange the accommodation for us。 都帮我们安排了食宿，您真是考虑的太周到了。. (2)不定式做主语补足语： 掌握常用不定式做主语补足语的句型。注意不定式表示的动作发生的时间，并采用相应形式。如：be said / reported / thought / believed / known / supposed + to do sth.例如： You were warned not to read in the strong light，cause it will hurt your eyesight。不要在强光下看书，会伤害你的眼睛。 2.不定式做宾语 掌握要求接不定式做宾语的动词： afford, arrange, attempt, claim, desire, determine, expect, fail, guarantee, endeavor, intend, pledge, pretend, resolve, request, swear, tend, venture。如： I can’t afford to buy a house of my own now.我现在还买不起自己的房子。 3.不定式做定语 (1)被修饰的名词前有序数词、形容词最高级或next, last, only, not a, the, very等限定词时，该名词用不定式做定语。如： He is the last human being to see a live dinosaur 他是最后一个看到活恐龙的人（哈哈，小编插一句，这也太传奇了） (2)如果其动词要求不定式做宾语，相应的名词一般用不定式做定语。如： decision to do→decide to do He made decision to do the housework=he decided to do the housework.(他决定做家务了) 不定式五大考点解析 动词不定式的构成形式为to+动词原形，to为动词不定式的符号，本身无意义。 一、动词不定式作主语 动词不定式作主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词前面的主语位置，也可以用先行词it作形式主语，而将真正的主语(不定式)置于后面。常见的句式有： (1)It is +形容词(of sb)to do sth. (2)It is +名词(for sb)to do sth. (3)It takes sb some time to do sth. (4)It is +形容词(for sb)to do sth. 句式(1)中常用nice， kind， clever， good， right， wrong， foolish， careless等形容词，与介词of搭配，这些形容词常表述不定式逻辑主语的属性或性质; 句式(4)中常用hard， difficult， easy， important等形容词，与介词for搭配，表示不定式表示的动作、行为的性质。 1. Its our duty _________ the room every day. A. to clean B. cleaned C. clean D. cleans(甘肃省) 2. Its hard for us _________ English well. A. learn B. learns C. to learn D. learning(江西省) 3.建造这座立交桥将花费工人们一年多的时间。 It will _________ the workers over a year _________ _________ the flyover.(北京市海淀区) 4. Its very