电子课件-中国文化概况（汉英双语）完整全部教学课件.pptx

第一章;第一课　历史概况;01;　　China’s long history can be traced back to the Yuanmou Man’s period about 1.7 million years ago. The ancient history of China started from this period and ended before the Opium War in 1840, and went through primitive society, slave society and feudal society. The modern history of China is from the Opium War in 1840 to the eve of the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949. It is the historical stage of China in a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. China’s contemporary history dates from the establishment of the People’s Republic of China on October 1, 1949.;　　中国的悠久历史可以追溯到大约一百七十万年前的元谋人时期。中国古代史就是从这一时期开始，到 1840 年鸦片战争前结束，历经原始社会、奴隶社会和封建社会。中国近代史则为 1840 年鸦片战争到 1949 年中华人民共和国成立前夕，是中国处于半殖民地半封建社会的历史阶段。中国现代史则是从 1949 年 10 月 1 日中华人民共和国成立开始。;　　Ancient China was piled up by the rise and fall of dynasties. These dynasties had different durations, different territories, and different levels of economic and social development. Among them, two dynasties that were more prosperous and powerful — the Han Dynasty (including the Western Han Dynasty and the Eastern Han Dynasty) and the Tang Dynasty — had a huge influence on the formation and shaping of Chinese culture.;古代中国;　　The Han Dynasty is divided into two periods: the Western Han Dynasty and the Eastern Han Dynasty. After the fall of the Qin Dynasty, Liu Bang established the Han Dynasty and made Chang’an (now Xi’an) the capital, which was called the Western Han Dynasty in history. During the period of Emperor Wen and Emperor Jing, the social economy was restored and developed through the implementation of the policy of rest and recuperation, and the situation of“Rule of Wen and Jing”appeared. When Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty came to the throne, the Western Han Dynasty was strong and culturally prosperous. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty took a series of measures, including strengthening the centralization of power, fighting against the Xiongnu and paying supreme tribute to Confucianism, so the rule of