1998-淮河流域水资源变化趋势分析.docxVIP

? ? 1998 淮河流域水资源变化趋势分析 ? ? 刘晓林　洪磊　冯棣 Summary 为改善淮河流域水资源状况，流域已经实施最严格的水资源管理制度多年。为明确实施管理制度前后淮河流域用水量、用水结构以及水质变化状况，总结了近20年淮河流域水资源量、供水量、用水量以及河流水质的变化趋势。结果表明，该流域年人均水资源量近20年均值仅为581.5 m3，水资源十分匮乏;该区域洪涝灾害多发，严重影响到水资源量的稳定性，但得利于跨区域调水，供水量得到一定程度保障;用水量表现为农业工业生活生态，其中农业和工业用水量较为稳定，生活用水量不断提高，生态用水量快速增长;2012年开始实施管理制度后，Ⅰ～Ⅲ类水的占比大幅增加，Ⅴ～劣Ⅴ类水质占比大幅降低。综上，开始实施最严格的水资源管理制度后，淮河流域农业和工业用水量得到控制，生活和生态用水量有所增加，河流水质显著改善。 Key 淮河流域;降雨量;供水量;用水量;水质 TV21 A 0517-6611（2020）13-0207-04 Abstract To improve the water resources situation， the strictest water resources management system （SWRMS） has been implemented for many years in Huaihe Basin. In order to clarify the changes of water consumption， water use composition and water quality in the Huaihe Basin before and after the implementation of SWRMS， this study summarized the changes of water resources， water supply， water consumption and water quality in the Huaihe Basin in the past 20 years. The results showed that the annual per capita water resource was only 581.5 m3， and water resources were very scarce. Floods and waterlogging were frequent in Huaihe Basin， which had seriously affected the stability of water resources. Fortunately， due to interregional water transferred， the water supply was guaranteed to a certain extent. Water consumption was shown as agriculture industry domestic ecology， of which agricultural and industrial water consumption were relatively stable， domestic water consumption increased continuously， and ecological water consumption increased rapidly. Since the implementation of SWRMS from 2012， the proportion of class I - Ⅲ water has increased significantly and the proportion of class Ⅴ-worse than class Ⅴ water quality has decreased significantly. In a word， after the implementation of SWRMS， the agricultural and industrial water consumption in the Huaihe Basin has been controlled， the domestic and ecological water consumption increased， and water quality has improved significantly. Key words Huaihe Basin;Precipitation;Water supply;Wat