高考英语语法非谓语动词分析讲义.docxVIP

高中英语语法非谓语动词分析及巩练习 .定义：动词除在句子中作谓语以外，还具有名词、形容 词及副词的性质，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语 等，这就是动词的非谓语动词。可分为三种：动词不定式、分词和动 名词。 .动词不定式：to +动词原形（在某些情况下可以不带 to ）。（没有人称和数的变化，可以有自己的宾语和状语，可以有 时态和语态的变化） 一般式：主动语态：to do ,被动语态：to be +动词过 去分词（表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生或之后 发生） 2进行式：主动语态：to be doing ,被动语态：无（表示 动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生） 3完成式：主动语态：to have +动词过去分词，被动语态： to have been +动词过去分词（表示动作或状态在谓语动作之前就发 生）4用法： 作主语：To learn a foreign language is not easy . =Its not easy to learn a foreign language . 作表语：The most important thing is to finish the work on time . C.作宾语： 动词+ todo. He decided to buy a new watch . （agree, choose, want, hope, like, wish, learn, love, plan, try, start, afford …） 动词 + 疑问词+ to do I dont know where to put the bike . c.动词+形式宾语（it） +宾补+ to do I find it important to learn a second foreign language . D.作补语： a. 动词 + 宾语+ to do Tom asked me to show him the new shoes . （tell, wish, ask, want, like, beg, invite, allow,encourage***) b.动词+宾语+不带to的动词He often saw Tom play football . (see, hear, feel, watch, notice, have, make, let---) E.作状语： 表示 目的:He went to Guangzhou to see his sons . He got up early in order to catch the first bus . 表示结果：He is too tired to walk any farther . They arent old enough to go to school . c.表不原因：He is sorry to hear that . I am glad to see you . F.作定语: I have something to tell you . I want to buy something to eat . 5动词不定式to的省略： 在感官动词 feel, hear, see, watch, notice 及使役 动词have, let, make等后面要省to,但在变被动语态时要还原不 定式tOoI often saw him go out of the room .He was often seen to go out of the room by me . 在 had better, would rather, do nothing but 等后面 常省to。 词不定式的否定形式：not + to do ,有时也可以用一 never + to do 结构。 动名词：动词原形+ ing o具有名词、动词一些特征。 1 一般式：主动语态：doing ,被动语态：being +动词过 去分词(表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生或之后发 生) 2完成式：主动语态：having +动词过去分词，被动语态: having been +动词过去分词（表示动作或状态在谓语动词的动作或 状态之前就发生）Children enjoy watching animated cartoon . I dont remember having ever seen the film . 3动名词的否定形式：not +动名词（v-ing） I regret not being able to help you . 4用法： A.作主语： a.动名词作主语如果太长，可以用形式主语it代替。 Learning English is v