高三英语重点知识点总结整理.pdfVIP

高三英语重点知识点总结整理 高三英语重点知识点总结 1 一、非谓语动词 “非谓语动词”可分为动词不定式、动名词和分词.它在句子中的作用很多：除 了不作谓语外,它可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语与复合宾语 (主语补 语或宾语补语).有些及物动词后面接不带 to 的不定式作复合宾语.这些动词归 纳如下：一感 (feel).二听(hear,listen to),三让 (have,1et, make),四看 (see,watCh,notice,observe).再加上 help somebody(to)do something 和美国 英语 look at somebody do somthing.还有“二让”属特殊：get somebody to do something 与 keep somebody doing.而有些及物动词后面接动名词 (the - ing form)作宾语.这些动词归纳为一句话：Papa C makes friends.这是由如下 动词的开头字母组成：permit,advise, practise,avoid,consider,mind, allow,keep,enjoy,suggest, finish,risk,imagine,escape,need,delay,stand(忍受). 为了容易记住,也可 以编成顺口溜：“允许完成练习,建议避免冒险,考虑延期逃跑,喜欢保持想象, 需要反对忍受”.其相对应的动词依次是：permit/allow,finish,practise; advise/suggest, avoid,risk： consider, delay, escape/miss; enjoy/appreciate, keep, imagine; need/want/require,mind. cant help/can’t stand. 二、复合句 1、学生最容易混淆的是定语从句与同位语从句的区别. 例如：A、The news that our team has won the match is true. (同位语从 句) B、The news that he told us surprised everybody here. (定语从句) 关键的区别在于连接或关系代词 that：有意义的是定语, 无意义的是同位.因 为引导定语从句的 that 在从句中作主语或 宾语,而引导同位语从句的 that 只 起到连接词的作用. 2、接着容易混淆的是引导定语从句的关系代词 that 与 which：that 之前是不 定(代词)、序数(词)、(形容词)级：which 之前是介词短语与逗号 (非限制性). 例如：A、All that we have to do is to practise every day. B、The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten. C、I have lost my pen,which I like very much. D、The house in front of which there is a garden is my home. 三、It 的用法 1、It 除了代替人和物以外,还可以作形式主语.而真正的主语 (不定式、动名词 或从句)则放于谓语或表语之后. 例如：It is nor easy to finish the work in two days. 然而有少数表语之后接动名词作真正的主语.这些表语是：无助 (no help)、无 用 (no use)、没好处(no good);工作(hard work)、费时(a waste of time)、 又危险 (a danger). 例如：A、It is no use crying over spilt milk. B、It is a waste of time waiting for him. 2、It 还可以作形式宾语.通常下列动词后面可接 it 作形式宾语： 2f2tcjm(find,feel,think,take,consider,judge, make). 例如：A、He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject. B、I think it no use arguing with him. 3、It 用于强调句式.要强调句子的某一部分 (主语、宾语、 状语),可以把 it 当作先行词.这种句子的结构是：It is(was)+ 被