世界银行：2023年物流绩效指数报告（EN）.pdfVIP

Connecting 2023 to Compete Trade Logistics in the Global Economy The Logistics Performance Index and Its Indicators Connecting to Compete 2023 Trade Logistics in an Uncertain Global Economy The Logistics Performance Index and Its Indicators Table of contents Acknowledgements vi Abbreviations vii Key messages ix Policy highlights xi Executive summary 1 Key changes in global supply chains since 2018 and implications for the 2023 Logistics Performance Index 7 Understanding logistics performance and its determinants is now more important than ever 7 Container shipping disruptions in 2020–22 7 Air freight market disruptions in 2020–22 9 The rapid emergence of e-commerce as an important channel for cross-border trade 9 The 2023 LPI measures structural factors of performance rather than supply chain disruptions 9 The 2023 Logistics Performance Index 11 How to interpret the LPI 11 Features of the 2023 survey 11 Key findings of the 2023 LPI survey 12 The dynamics of LPI scores over 2012–23 15 What is the impact of the supply chain crisis? 15 Logistics performance is determined by more than income 15 Supply chain lead time around the world: Where are the delays? 17 Lead time dispersion and supply chain reliability 17 Dwell time and logistics performance 21 What causes long port delays? 22 Which interventions help reduce these delays? 24 Logistical constraints in landlocked developing countries 24 Connectivity and logistics performance in small maritime economies 25 Conclusions 27 Global supply chains have turned out to be surprisingly resilient during the recent disruptions 27 The top